Phosphonium-based ionic liquids

A wide variety of new approaches to the problem of product separation in homogeneous catalysis has been discussed in the preceding chapters. Few of the new approaches has so far been commercialised, with the exceptions of a the use of aqueous biphasic systems for propene hydroformylation (Chapter 5) and the use of a phosphonium based ionic liquid for the Lewis acid catalysed isomerisation of butadiene monoxide to dihydrofuran (see Equation 9.1). This process has been operated by Eastman for the last 8 years without any loss or replenishment of ionic liquid [1], It has the advantage that the product is sufficiently volatile to be distilled from the reactor at the reaction temperature so the process can be run continuously with built in product catalyst separation. Production of lower volatility products by such a process would be more problematic. A side reaction leads to the conversion of butadiene oxide to high molecular weight oligomers. The ionic liquid has been designed to facilitate their separation from the catalyst (see Section 9.7)... [Pg.237]

Esperanca, J.M.S.S. et al.. Densities and derived thermodynamic properties of ionic liquids. 3. Phosphonium-based ionic liquids over an extended pressure range, /. Chem. Eng. Data, 51, 237, 2006. [Pg.61]

Very promising results have also been observed using phosphonium-based ionic liquids in both Heck and Suzuki coupling reactions.[1012] Notably, good activities were obtained with arylchlorides as substrate, which in molecular solvents are often found to react only sluggishly, if at all. [Pg.118]

In keeping with Heck reactions, both palladium(O) and palladium(II) catalyst precursors have been successfully used and there seems to be little to distinguish the two in terms to activity, stability and reuse. Relatively mild reaction conditions have been realised by means of ultrasound irradiation or in phosphonium-based ionic liquids. [Pg.138]

Yadav GD, Tekale SP (2010) Selective O-alkylation of 2-naphthol using phosphonium-based ionic liquid as the phase transfer catalyst. Oig Process Res Dev 14(3) 722-727... [Pg.64]

Liu XQ, Zhou F, Liang YM (2006) Tribological performance of phosphonium based ionic liquids for an aluminum-on-steel system and opinions on lubrication mechanism. Wear 261 1174-1179... [Pg.231]

Pozo-Gonzalo C, Torriero AAJ, Erasyth M, Hewlett PC (2013) Redox chemistry of the superoxide ion in a phosphonium-based ionic liquid in the presence of water. J Phys Chem Lett 4 1834-1837... [Pg.65]

Mechanism in Quaternary Phosphonium-Based Ionic Liquids... [Pg.181]

More recently, Pozo-Gonzalo et al. [25] reported, for the first time, a stable electrogenerated superoxide ion in the phosphonium-based ionic liquid, [PeeeiJCl, in the presence of large quantities of water (e.g. 1.5 and 4.5 wt%), leading to a chemically reversible O2/O2 redox couple G ig. 18.9a), instead of the irreversible disproportionation reaction (Eq. 18.19) which is usually observed even in the presence of small quantities of water [26]. It is important to highlight that Eq. 18.19 is a consequence of several chemical and electrochemical equations. [Pg.183]

Pozo-Gonzalo C, Howlett PC, Hodgson JL, Madsen LA, MacFariane DR, Forsyth M (2014) Insights into the reversible oxygen reduction reaction in a series of phosphonium-based ionic liquids. Phys Chem Chem Phys 16 25062-25070... [Pg.190]

Khoo T, Somers A, Torriero AAJ, MacFariane DR, Howlett PC, Forsyth M (2013) Discharge behaviour and interfacial properties of a magnesium battery incorporating trihexyl(tetradecyl) phosphonium based ionic liquid electrolytes. Electrochim Acta 87 701-708... [Pg.190]

Table 20.13 Phosphonium-based ionic liquids veises ammonium-based ionic liquids...

Why phosphonium-based ionic liquids wae selected with respect to anuntmium analogues Role of imiic liquid in this reaction Advantages of this process... [Pg.248]

Quaternary ammonium or phosphonium ionic liquids have not been considered as serious candidates as potential solvents as the selectivities obtained are generally very low [ 16]. This is clearly observed in Table 3 for the two phosphonium-based ionic liquids. The relative magnitude of the y 3 values for [TdH3P][TfEPF3] are surprising, as values much lower than unity have been obtained for saturated non-polar aliphatic solutes such as hexane. This is uncharacteristic for dispersive interactions. [Pg.105]

The chemistry of phosphine chalcogenides, phosphonium salts and ylides has also continued to develop and activity in this area remains at a high level. Of note is a growing literature on the use of phosphonium-based ionic liquids as solvents. [Pg.6]

Ammonium- and Phosphonium-Based Ionic Liquid Green and Reusable Catalysts... [Pg.105]

Our Work Using Phosphonium-Based Ionic Liquid. 120... [Pg.105]

Keywords Ammonium-based ionic hquid Phosphonium-based ionic liquid... [Pg.106]

Anna CR, Juliusz P, Joanna KF, Alwar R, Allan JR, Kenneth RS (2005) Synthesis, antimicrobial activities and anti-electrostatic properties of phosphonium-based ionic liquids. Green Chem 7 855-862... [Pg.126]

Kevin J, Eraser KJ, MacFarlane DR (2009) Phosphonium-based ionic liquids an overview. Aust J Chem 62 309-321... [Pg.128]

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