Phosphoinositides glutamate receptors

Facchinetti F., HackN. J., and Balazs R. (1998). Calcium influx via ionotropic glutamate receptors causes long lasting inhibition of metabotropic glutamate receptor-coupled phosphoinositide hydrolysis. Neurochem. Int. 33 263-270. 

Nicolle M. M., Colombo P. J., Gallagher M., and McKinney M. (1999). Metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated hippocampal phosphoinositide turnover is blunted in spatial learning-impaired aged rats. J. Neurosci. 19 9604-9610. 

Hou L, Klann E. 2004. Activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-akt-mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway is required for metabotropic glutamate receptor-dependent long-term depression. J Neurosci 24 6352-6361. 

Fotuhi M, Sharp AH, Glatt CE, Hwang PM, Von Krosigk M, Snyder SH, Dawson TM (1993) Differential localization of phosphoinositide-iinked metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluRl) and the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor in rat brain. J Neurosci 73 2001-2012. 

Reid SNM, Romano C, Hughes T, Daw NW (1995) Immunohistochemical study of two phosphoinositide-linked metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRla and mGluR5) in the cat visual cortex before, during, and after the peak of the critical period for eye-specific connections. J Comp Neurol 355 410-411. 

Palmer, E., Monaghan, D.T. and Cotman, C.W. (1988). Glutamate receptors and phosphoinositide metabolism stimulation via quisqualate receptors is inhibited by A-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation. Mol. Brain Res. 4 161-165. 

The excitatoiy amino acids (EAA), glutamate and aspartate, are the principal excitatory neurotransmitters in the brain. They are released by neurons in several distinct anatomical pathways, such as corticofugal projections, but their distribution is practically ubiquitous in the central nervous system. There are both metabotropic and ionotropic EAA receptors. The metabotropic receptors bind glutamate and are labeled mGluRl to mGluRB. They are coupled via G-proteins to phosphoinositide hydrolysis, phospholipase D, and cAMP production. Ionotropic EAA receptors have been divided into three subtypes /V-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-proprionic acid (AMPA), and kainate receptors (Nakanishi 1992). 

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