Phenotypes phenotypic profiles

Cacabelos, R., Fernandez-Novoa, L., Corzo, L., et al. (2004) Phenotypic profiles and functional genomics in dementia with a vascular component. Neurol. Res., 26, 459-480. 

Arora S, Gonzales IM, Hagelstrom RT et al (2010) RNAi phenotype profiling of kinases identifies potential therapeutic targets in Ewing s sarcoma. Mol Cancer 9 218... 

Studies of stem cell progression towards the completely differentiated mature cells have already identified several intermediary precursors, organized in a cascade (Shizuru et al., 2005). The best known and studied cellular differentiation cascade is the hematopoietic system (Figure 20.3). Within hematopoiesis, it is possible to identify many intermediary precursors between the hematopoietic stem cell and mature blood cells. This identification is based mainly on the phenotypic profile of cellular surface proteins, using flow cytometry as the main tool. This is a relatively simple technique that involves coupling a monoclonal antibody (mAb) with a fluorescent marker (fluorochrome). In this way, diverse cellular markers can be combined and thus a cellular subpopulation can be defined, as shown in Figure 20.3. 

Yee BK, Balic E, Singer P, Schwerdel C, Grampp T, et al. 2006. Disruption of glycine transporter 1 restricted to forebrain neurons is associated with a procognitive and antipsychotic phenotypic profile. J Neurosci 26 3169-3181. 

Weiss A, Delproposto J, Giroux CN. High-throughput phenotypic profiling of gene-environment interactions by quantitative growth curve analysis in Saccha-romyces cerevisiae. Anal Biochem 2004 327(l) 23-34. 

The distribution of APOE genotypes in the Iberian peninsula is as follows APOE-2/2 0.32 %, APOE-2/3 7.3 %, APOE-2/4 1.27 %, APOE-3/3 71.11 %, APOE-3/4 18.41 %, and APOE-4/4 1.59 % [19] (see Fig. 4). These frequencies are very similar in Europe and in other Western societies. There is a clear accumulation of APOE-4 carriers among patients with AD (APOE-3/4 30.30 %, APOE-4/46.06 %) and VD (APOE-3/4 35.85 %, APOE-4/4 6.57 %) as compared to controls (see Fig. 4). Different APOE genotypes confer specific phenotypic profiles to AD patients [15, 17, 28]. Some of these profiles may add risk or benefit when the... 

Cacabelos R, Fernandez-Novoa L, Corzo L, Pichel V, Lombardi V, Kubota Y (2004) Genomics and phenotypic profiles in dementia Implications for pharmacological treatment. Meth Find Exper Clin Pharmacol 26 421 44... 

Warringer, J. and Blomberg, A. 2003. Automated screening in environmental arrays allows analysis of quantitative phenotype profiles in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 20,53-67. Warringer, J., Kericson, E., Fernandez, L., Nerman, O., and Blomberg, A. 2003. High-resolu-... 

Mwale, F. Wang, H.T. Nelea, V. Luo, L. Antoniou, J. Wertheimer, M.R. The effect of novel nitrogen-rich plasma polymer coatings on the phenotypic profile of notochordal cells. Biomaterials 2006, 27, 2258-2264. 

In summary, we developed a high-content imaging method and a phenotype profiling system using similarity search software, based on statistical analyses of multiparametric phenotype responses, to identify the molecular targets of compounds of interest with an unbiased eye. We discuss a case study using the MorphoBase system later (see Section 11.4.1). 

Peters, J.M., Hyman, A.A., Durbin, R., Pepperkok, R., and Ellenberg, J. (2010) Phenotypic profiling of the human genome by time-lapse microscopy reveals cell division genes. Nature,... 

Mouse osteoblasts and fibroblasts were grown on chitosan in the presence of serum. Cell attachment and immunofluorescence analysis were done to analyze phenotypic profiles. Osteoblast attachment at 1 h was significantly greater than that with fibroblasts. At 24 h, levels of cell attachment for fibroblasts increased and became similar to those in osteoblast cultures at 1 and 24 h. Fibroblasts showed... 

Pointon A, Abi-Gerges N, Cross MJ, Sidaway JE (2013) Phenotypic profiling of structural cardiotoxins in vitro reveals dependency on multiple mechanisms of toxicity. Toxicol Sci 132 317-326... 

Wagner BK, Clemons PA (2009) Connecting synthetic chemistry decisions to cell and genome biology using small-molecule phenotypic profiling. Curr Opin Chem Biol 13 539-548... 

JV-Acetyltransferases (NATs) catalyze the conjugation of an acetyl group from acetyl-CoA on to an amine, hydrazine or hydroxylamine moiety of an aromatic compound. NATs are involved in a variety of phase II-diug metabolizing processes. There are two isozymes NAT I and NAT II, which possess different substrate specificity profiles. The genes encoding NAT I and NAT II are both multi-allelic. Especially for NAT II, genetic polymoiphisms have been shown to result in different phenotypes (e.g., fast and slow acetylators). 

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