Phased array radar

Another important difference between bistatic and monostatic radar is that a directional receive antenna must scan at a non uniform rate to follow the position of the transmitted signal through space, a process known as pulse chasing. This can be very challenging for designs based upon mechanical scanning and hence an alternative is to use one or more electronically agile beams as in phased array radar. Such phased array antennas can be expensive and in some applications will prohibit the use of the bistatic technique. 

A.A. Tolkachev, B. A. Levitan, G. K. Solovjev, V. V. Veytsel, V. E. Farber. A Megawatt Power Millimeter-Wave Phased-Array Radar , IEEE AES Systems Magazine, pp. 25-31, July 2000. 

The ability to respond effectively to an event will require first responders and HAZMAT teams to coordinate thousands of details. Development of new materials for advanced telecommunications and radar could greatly improve the current response standard. Materials that can lead to faster computers, higher-density storage, and more efficient telecommunications are vital. One example of a basic area of research that could have an impact on our ability to respond to a threat is wide bandgap semiconductors, used, for instance, in phased-array radars. The development of shipboard phased-array radar systems over the past few decades has provided the military with a very high degree of situational awareness with respect to airborne targets. 

On Earth, heat travels by conduction, convection, and radiation. However, conduction and natural convection are almost entirely nonexistent in the vacuum of space. Radiation is the primary method of heat transport in space. Space-based electronics that need to be kept cold are attached to radiators that face deep space and radiate excess heat into space. These electronics (i.e., space based phased-array-radar and laser systems) and radiators are thermally insulated from the rest of the spacecraft. Cooling is achieved through surface thermal radiation to deep space. Space-based electronics thermal management encompasses not only the removal of waste heat, but also the conservation of heat to provide a benign environment for the instruments and on-board electronic equipment. 

Price, D.C., Weber, R. M., Schwartz, G. J., McDaniel, J. and Lage, J. L., 1999, Cold plate design for thermal management of phased-array radar systems, U. S. Patent 5 960 861. 

MMICS were developed for DoD applications such as radar and weapons systems, but have found commercial inroads with cellular phone, satellite and transmit/receive modules for phased array radar and power amplifiers. They may also find great use in collision avoidance applications. MIMICs typically are made up of GaAs FET amplifiers, resistors, capacitors stripline inductors and other elements. The microwave/ millimeter-wave monolithic integrated circuits program was initiated principally by the... 

GaAs MMICs Monolithic microwave integrated circuits have been fabricated using ion implantation. This renders feasible the fabrication of monolithic phased array radars. These circuits incorporate active devices, RF circuitry, and bypass capacitors (53-54). 

Aegis. Ticonderoga-class cruisers and Arleigh Burke-class destroyers all have Aegis Combat Systems (ACSs). Aegis was built to counter short- and medium-range ballistic missiles, aircraft, and other ships. Aegis combines several key parts the AN/SPY-1 phased-array radar, the MK 99 Fire Control System, the Weapons Control System, the Command and Decision Suite, and the Standard Missile-2 (SM-2). 

Phased array radar anteimas (Luis W. Alvarez) Alvarez s phased array sweeps a beam across the sky by turning hundreds of small antennas on and off and not by moving a radar dish. 

When the number of redundant units is too large, the combinatorial number in equation (7) could easily become too large to calculate. For example, a phased array radar may contains tens of thousands of components, and less than 10% of component failures are permitted for the radar working state. Using MAT-LAB (R2012a), we can obtain that Cimm 2.0501 X 10 , but larger combinatorial number would become incomputable. 

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