PES—See Poly

Only a few publications deal with ABC triblock copolymers where two of the blocks are able to crystallize. The systems that have been investigated include PS-b-PE-b-PCL [94,98], PE-b-PS-6-PCL [94], PS-fc-PEO-fo-PCL [30,134-136] and PE-fo-poly(ethylene-propylene)-fr-PEO [101,119] (see also Table 1). 

The acid-base Nafion composite membranes include blends of Nafion with polypyrrole (PPy) [98-104], polybenzimidazole (PBI) [105-107], poly (propyleneoxide) (PPO) [108, 109], polyfurfuryl alcohol (PFA) [110], poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) [111-115], sulfonated phenol-formaldehyde (sPF) [116], polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) [117-122], poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) [123], poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) [124] polyanifine (PANI) [125-128], polyethylene (PE) [129], poly(ethylene-terephtalate) [130], sulfated p-cyclodextrin (sCD) [131], sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (sPEEK) [132-135], sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone) (sPAEK) [136], poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PAES) [137], poly(vinylimidazole) (PVl) [138], poly(vinyl pyridine) (PVPy) [139], poly (tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) [140-142], poly(fluorinated ethylene-propylene) [143], sulfonated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (sPOSS) [144], poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDT) [145, 146], polyrotaxanes (PR) [147], purple membrane [148], sulfonated polystyrene (PSSA) [149, 150], polystyrene-b-poly(ethylene-ran-butylene)-bpolystyrene (SEES) [151], poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-l-propanesulphonic acid-co-l,6-hexanediol propoxylate diacrylate-co-ethyl methacrylate) (AMPS) [152], and chitosan [31]. A binary PVA/chitosan [153] and a ternary Nafion composite with PVA, polyimide (PI) and 8-trimethoxy silylpropyl glycerin ether-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulfonic acid (TSPS) has also been reported [154]. 

Dynamic-mechanical data for PEI given in Table 13.3 indicates a /3 relaxation at about 340-380 K and a y relaxation at about 160-186 K. These relaxations are comparable to those cited above for Kapton although they occur at slightly lower temperatures. As in the case of Kaptrni, the y-relaxational peak of PEI is reported to increase in intensity with sorbed water [63]. From comparison of the dielectric spectra of PEI, poly(ether sulfone) (PES) (see Section 13.1.6), and polyarylates with their corresponding low-molecular-weight compounds, Schartel and Wendorff [64] have concluded that both intrachain and interchain interactions contribute to the y relaxation in these polymers. 

In order to avoid misunderstanding, we emphasize here that the parallel aligned lamellar structure is not the sole morphology of parallel chain polymer epitaxy. As an example, when crystallizing the poly(ethylene adipate) (PEA) on uniaxially oriented PE substrate [97], a cross-hatched edge-on lamellar structure of PEA with its lamellae ca. 66.5° apart from the chain direction of the PE substrate film is observed (see Fig. 12.10), indicating the occurrence of epitaxial crystallization of PEA on oriented PE substrate. Known from the experience of PE/iPP epitaxy, where the 50° intersect of both polymer chain directions leads to the formation of a cross-hatched lamellar structure of PE (see Fig. 12.9a), one may conclude that the PEA and PE molecular chains... 

Polyether-PA segmented copolymers, synthesizing, 191-192 Polyether polyols, 200, 205, 211-212 synthesis of, 223, 224 Poly(ether sulfone) (PES), 327. See also Poly(arylene ether sulfone)s Poly(phenylene ether sulfone) chains Sulfonated poly (ary lene ether sulfone)... 

Polymers are formed via two general mechanisms, namely chain or step polymerisation, originally called addition and condensation, respectively, although some polymerisations can yield polymers by both routes (see Chapter 2). For example, ring opening of cyclic compounds (e.g., cyclic lactides and lactams, cyclic siloxanes) yield polymers either with added catalyst (chain) or by hydrolysis followed by condensation (step). Many polymers are made via vinyl polymerisation, e.g., PE, PP, PVC, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). It could be argued that the ethylenic double bond is a strained cyclic system. 

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