Perturbation profound change

In particular, rotaxane dendrimers capable of reversible binding of ring and rod components, such as Type II, pseudorotaxane-terminated dendrimers, can be reversibly controlled by external stimuli, such as the solvent composition, temperature, and pH, to change their structure and properties. This has profound implications in diverse applications, for instance in the controlled drug release. A trapped guest molecule within a closed dendrimeric host system can be unleashed in a controlled manner by manipulating these external factors. In the type III-B rotaxane dendrimers, external stimuli can result in perturbations of the interlocked mechanical bonds. This behavior can be gainfully exploited to construct controlled molecular machines. 

Quite evidently, changing the structure of the aromatic carbene from BA to XA has a profound effect on AGST. There is a difference of more than lOkcalmol-1 in this physical property for these two structures. This difference, in turn, appears to control and determine the chemical properties of the carbenes. With the assumptions outlined earlier, this effect can be wholly attributed to a perturbation of the electronic character engendered by replacement of the boron in BA with the oxygen of XA. It will be seen shortly that these two carbenes represent extremes of a nearly continuously tunable range of carbene properties. 

Earlier than all of this Holstein (10) described his optic polaron, in which the deformation of the ID chain is an optic deformation. His was the first polaron solution which was a Solitary Wave or Soliton. In such a deformation there is no change in lattice density in the polaron there is only a rearrangement of atoms without a change of density. In the case of the optic polaron there is no analytical solution for the moving polaron. However it is clear that on increase of the optic polaron energy due to motion there is no perturbation as the velocity goes through the sound velocity. In the pure optic polaron the sound velocity is not in the model at the outset. It is in the motion of the polaron at velocities up to the sound velocity that the profound difference between the acoustic and optic polarons occurs the difference in properties of the polarons at rest is leas Important. 

The same PDA fusion methodology was also used to study attaehment, perturbation of the membrane, and entry of vaeeinia virus to the cell membrane. The PDA patch was introduced on epithelial cell membranes and polymerized. Attachment of viral particle to the membranes induced changes in color (blue to red) and emission spectra. It was observed that the lipid composition of the membrane had a profound effect for the interactions of the PDA labeled cells with the virus particles. Membrane domains or lipid rafts rich in cholesterol and sphingomylein favored the interactions with the vaccinia virus. 

VDUPl mice displayed immune system defects, including perturbed development and function of natural killer (NK) cells. There was a profound reduction in the numbers of NK cells and in NK activity in VDUP1 mice, which showed minimal changes in T and B cell development (Lee et al. 2005). The NK cell abnormality in the VDUP1 mice caused severe lymphoid hyperplasia in the small intestine and reduced tumor rejection (Lee et al. 2005). Moreover, the percentage of hepatic natural killer T (NKT) cells in VDUPl" " mice was decreased, and the percentage... 

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