Persulfate toxicity

PHMB is very toxic to fish and aquatic life. It is moreover irritating to skin and may cause sensitization by skin contact. It can cause irritation to the eyes, nose and respiratory tract. The PHMB is not compatible with most common swimming pool chemicals. Not compatible with chlorine and chlorinated chemicals and bromine donors. Not compatible with ionic sterilizers, copper based QAC-algicides, anionic detergents, water softening chemicals, persulfate oxidants etc. The defence of the inventors of PHMB is that one should not combine it with other biocides because it should be a bactericide/algicide. But the algicidal properties of PHMB are very weak in brochures and manuals the dose is 200 ppm. 

Acrylamide, A, A, A 1, A -tetramethylethylenediamine, 7V,7V -methylene-bis-acrylamide, and ammonium persulfate are toxic and must be used with care. Acrylamide is a neurotoxin, a cancer suspect agent, and a potent skin irritant, so gloves and a mask must be worn while handling it in the unpolymerized form. 

It is a toxic gas that boils at -26.8 C. Polymerization of chlorotrifluoroethylene is usually carried out commercially by free-radical suspension polymerization. Reaction temperatures are kept between 0-40 C to obtain a high molecular weight product. A redox initiation based on reactions of persulfate, bisulfite, and ferrous ions is often used. Commercial polymers range in molecular weights fiom 50,000-500,000. 

N, A-methylenebisacrylamide (toxic) Ammonium persulfate (APS) P-Dimethylaminoproprionitril (DMAP) Ai,Ai,Ai,A-tetramethylethylenediamine... 

Polyacrylamide gels are made by polymerization of acrylamide (toxic) with N, -methylenebisacrylamide in the presence of free radicals generated from either ammonium persulfate (oxidative chemical initiator) or riboflavin-5 -phosphate (photochemical initiator). The reaction is controlled by equimolar concentrations of N,N,N, N -tetramethylethylene diamine (TEMED) as catalyst. 

A 2001 report by the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel has described the acute dermal, oral, and inhalational toxicity of the persulfates [346]. The report notes that persulfates can cause both immediate and delayed reactions and that ammonium persulfate is the most frequent alleigen among hair stylists. The persulfates can cause urticaria and both allergic and contact dermatitis, as well as rhinitis, bronchospasm, and syncope [346]. 

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