Sampling personal

British Occupational Hygiene Society (1985J The Selection and Use of Personal Sampling Pumps, Technical Guide No. 5, BOHS, Norwood, Science Reviews. 

Calibrate personal sampling pumps before and after each day of sampling, using either the electronic bubble meter method or the precision rotameter method (that has been calibrated against a bubble meter). 

The precision rotameter is a secondary calibration device. If it is to be used in place of a primary device such as a bubble meter, care must be taken to ensure that any introduced error will be minimal and noted. The precision rotameter may be used for calibrating the personal sampling pump in lieu of a bubble meter provided it is (a) Calibrated with an electronic bubble meter or a bubble meter, (b) Disassembled, cleaned as necessary, and recalibrated. It should be used with care to avoid dirt and dust contamination which may affect the flow, (c) Not used at substantially different temperature and/or pressure from those conditions present when the rotameter was calibrated against the primary source, (d) Used such that pressure drop across it is minimal. If altitude or temperature at the sampling site are substantially different from the calibration site, it is necessary to calibrate the precision rotameter at the sampling site where the same conditions are present. 

Does the SAHP require that the employees who are likely to have the highest exposure to hazardous substanees and health hazards are monitored by using personal sampling frequently enough to adequately eharaeterize employee exposures [OSHA Referenee... 

For the sampling location, fixed-point measurement may be used if the results make it possible to assess exposure of the worker at the workplace. In general, however, personal sampling devices are preferred, which give more representative results of worker exposure. 

TTie ability of the ventilation system to protect the worker efficiently can readily be determined by personal samples. The PIMEX method (see Chapter 12) can be used to determine the worker s exposure during various work phases. The capture efficiency as well as the supply air fraction can be measured using tracer gas techniques. Simple evaluation is carried out visually with smoke tube or pellet tests. Daily system evaluation is recommended using airflow or static pressure measurements at appropriate parts of the system. The air velocities, turbulence intensities, air temperature, mean radiant temperature, and air humidity should also be measured to provide an assessment ol thermal comfort. 

Personal sample The result obtained from the products collected during the process of personal sampling. 

Impingers and bubblers. Figure 8.5, containing liquids have been used extensively for collecting high boiling, reactive or polar substances that cannot be quantitatively recovered from solid sorbents [8,72]. They are most frequently used as personal sampling systems and in combination with filters and various... 

Geometric mean values of personal samples 0.03-0.96 (range 0.01-3.3) Area samples up to 6 No clear exposure related symptoms or adverse health effects employment for 1-40 y Leeser et al. 1990... 

Sampling methodology has steadily improved over the years, especially in the area of integrated sampling. Personal sampling pumps with electronic flow controllers can significantly increase the accuracy of resulting sample volumes. 

Development of Personal Sampling and Analytical Methods for Organochlorine Compounds... 

The methods developed for HCCP, HCBD, and 1,2-DCP involve the collection of vapors of the compounds from air with solid sorbents in tandem with personal sampling pumps, desorption of the sorbed compounds in appropriate solvents, and analysis of the extracts by gas chromatography (GC). 

A method for sampling and analysis of the metallic dusts and fumes is necessary to assess the exposure of workers to these dusts. Personal sampling devices are used to collect samples from the work-place atmosphere in a representative manner. The samples are then analyzed by convenient analytical techniques such as atomic absorption spectroscopy. 

Current methods of collecting personal samples of organotin compounds produce erratic, inconsistent results. Use of the most efficient collection scheme, concentrated HNO3 in a midget impinger, is certainly unsafe. 

The sorbent tube is placed near the worker s breathing zone, and the outlet of the tube is attached to a calibrated personal sampling pump. A known volume of air is drawn through the tube. Alternatively, several passive charcoal badges are currently commercially available. No sampling pump is required for these devices,... 

The evaluation of diffusion samplers reported in this paper was initiated as an internal project at Arthur D. Little, Inc., to develop for ourselves a base of data which would help us to judge the utility of diffusion samplers in our work. Diffusion samplers were purchased from the two firms active in the marketplace when the field study began (early 1979), Abcor and 3M. A program was devised wherein, during each of approximately 50 surveys being undertaken in plastic fabrication plants, four to six diffusion samplers would be exposed, each adjacent to a charcoal tube personal sample. At the conclusion of the field sampling, a data base of over 100 pairs of samples (each pair including a diffusion sample and a charcoal tube sample) had been compiled for each of the two diffusion samplers. 

---