Peroxides peroxymonosulfate

Lithium hypochlorite, halogenated hydantoias, potassium peroxymonosulfate, and hydrogen peroxide. 

Inorganic peroxides [hydrogen peroxide (63), persulfate (41), peroxymonosulfate and peroxydiphosphate (64)] generally have limited usefulness as initiators in bulk or solution polymerization due to their poor solubility in... 

Surface disinfectants Compounds containing phenolics, chlorhexidine (not effective against bacteria spores), quaternary ammonium salts (additional activity if bis-n-tributyltin oxide present), hypochlorites such as household bleach, alcohols such as 70-95% ethanol and isopropyl (not effective against bacteria spores), potassium peroxymonosulfate, hydrogen peroxide, iodine/iodophores, and triclosan. 

Tetrahydrobenzyl alcohol (( )3-cyclohexenene-l-methanol) and 30% aqueous hydrogen peroxide were purchased from Fluka, AG. 3-Cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid and cis-4-cyclohexene-l,2-dicarboxylic acid were used as purchased from Lancaster Chemical Co. Methyl iodide, acetic anhydride, Oxone (potassium peroxymonosulfate), Aliquot 336 (methyl tri-n-octylammonium chloride), sodium tungstate dihydrate and N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) were purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co. and used as received. 3,4-Epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3, 4 -epoxycyclohexane carboxylate (ERL 4221) and 4-vinylcyclohexene dioxide were used as purchased from the Union Carbide Corp. (4-n-Octyloxyphenyl)phenyliodonium hexafluoroantimonate used as a photoinitiator was prepared by a procedure described previously (4). 

Potassium ozonide, 735 Potassium permanganate chemiluminescence, 643 hydrogen peroxide titration, 627 ozonide redox titration, 736 Potassium peroxymonosulfate, dioxirane preparation, 26, 1020-30, 1130 Potassium superoxide, commercial availability, 620... 

Other peroxygen species can also be photolytically cleaved to yield the hydroxyl radical and another radical centre. For example, homolysis of peroxymonosulfate (HOOSO3) generates OH and SO4-. The concentration of the generated hydroxyl radical can be controlled by variation of the wavelength and the intensity used. The photolysis of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of alcohol produces EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) spectra which indi-... 

The three-membered peroxide systems produced from ketones in the presence of peroxymonosulfate have been discussed separately above because of their importance. There is, however, another three-membered ring peroxide which needs noting the reaction of alkoxysulfuranes with anhydrous hydrogen peroxide. Such systems have been employed for the low temperature epoxidation of alkenes (Figure 2.50).156... 

In addition to the S(IV) —H202 reaction, the reactions of other peroxides such as peroxymonosulfate, peroxyacetic acid, and methyl hydroperoxide with S(IV) are also sensitive to specific-acid catalysis (Hoffmann and Calvert, 1985). The rate of oxidation of S(IV) by HSO / is comparable to the rate of oxidation of S( IV) by hydrogen peroxide (Betterton and Hoffmann, 1988). We have proposed a general mechanism for the ROOH-S(IV) reaction in which the rate-determining step involves the acid-catalyzed decomposition of a peroxide-bisulfite intermediate. The rate expression applicable for this mechanism is... 

Several other oxidizing agents can be made from hydrogen peroxide and thus be derived indirectly from oxygen. These include sodium perborate, sodium percarbonate, urea peroxide, peracids, potassium peroxymonosulfate, amine oxides, dioxiranes, and iodosobenzene (4.24). 

The purification of the water has been previously described (10). With the exception of the arsenious oxide (from Carlo Erba, Italy), the chemicals used were Merck analytical products. The peroxymonosul-fate samples were obtained from hydrolysis of potassium peroxydisulfate solutions a 10"2M K2S208 solution in 1M sulfuric acid was heated at 60 °C. for 75 minutes and let cool overnight inside the thermostated bath (an ultrathermostat Colora was used). Under these conditions, the peroxydisulfate remaining in the solution, as well as the hydrogen peroxide formed in the simultaneous hydrolysis of the Caro s acid, are small when compared with the resulting peroxymonosulfate concentration. 

The chromium tricarbonyl complex 2 of (methylsulfenyl)benzene is then oxidised to its sulfinyl derivative 3 using dimethyldioxirane (Scheme 6.6). This cyclic peroxide, formed from potassium peroxymonosulfate and acetone and isolated as a 0.09-0.11 M solution in acetone, has undergone... 

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