Periplaneta

In 1952, it was reported that a constituent of excretions from female American cockroaches of the species Periplaneta ameri-cana is an extraordinarily potent sex pheromone.1 Early attempts to isolate and characterize the active compounds were hampered because individual cockroaches store only minute amounts of the pheromone ( 1 pg), and a full 25 years elapsed before Persoons et al. reported the isolation of two extremely active compounds, periplanones A and B.2 The latter substance is present in larger relative measure and its germacranoid structure (1, without stereochemistry) was tentatively assigned on the basis of spectroscopic data. Thus, in 1976, the constitution of periplanone B was known but there remained a stereochemical problem of a rather serious nature. Roughly three years intervened between the report of the gross structure of periplanone B and the first total synthesis of this substance by W. C. Still at Columbia.3... 

Based on the successful series of transformations summarized in Scheme 1, Schreiber and Santini developed an efficient and elegant synthesis of periplanone B (1),8 the potent sex pheromone of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana. This work constitutes the second total synthesis of periplanone B, and it was reported approximately five years after the landmark periplanone B synthesis by W.C. Still9 (see Chapter 13). As in the first synthesis by Still, Schreiber s approach to periplanone B takes full advantage of the facility with which functionalized 5-cyclodecen-l-one systems can be constructed via anionic oxy-Cope rearrangements of readily available divinylcyclohexanols.5 7 In addition, both syntheses of periplanone B masterfully use the conformational preferences of cyclo-decanoid frameworks to control the stereo- and regiochemical course of reactions carried out on the periphery of such ring systems.10... 

Yellamma, K. and R. Reddy. 1987. Behavioural and physiological changes in the cockroach, Periplaneta americana, exposed to fenvalerate. Indian Jour. Exper. Biol. 25 256-261. 

Tropomyosin is a protein found in vertebrates and invertebrates, but only the protein from invertebrates has allergic properties. It is frequently found in sea foods, such as shrimps, crabs, American lobsters. Pacific flying squids, and also in some species of cockroaches (Blattela germanica, Periplaneta americand), moths, spiders, and house dust mites (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae) (Witteman et ah, 1994). 

Gardner, D.R. and Vincent, S.R. Insecticidal and nenroexitant actions of DDT analogs on the cockroach. Periplaneta americana, Bull Environ. Contam. Toxicol, 20(3) 294-302, 1978. 

The mode of action of the isobutylamides is unknown, although Miyakado et al. found that several isobutylamides (i.e. pipercide and related compounds) caused repetitive discharge when the nerve cord of the cockroach, Periplaneta americana was stimulated. We found that fagaramide was inactive as an acetylcholine esterase inhibitor in an m vitro assay(unpublished dat a). 

Chlamys nipponensis (Japanese scallop) Mizuhopecten yessoensis (Yesso scallop) Mimachlamys nobilis Charybdis feriatus (crab) Homarus americanus (American lobster) Panulirus stimpsoni Homarus americanus (American lobster) Farfantepenaeus aztecus (pen a 1) Periplaneta americana (American cockroach) Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (dust mite) Lepidoglyphus destructor Homo sapiens (human) Homo sapiens (human) Sus scrofa (pig) Oryctolagus cuniculus (rabbit)... 

Asturias, J. A., Gomez-Bayon, N., AriUa, M. C., Martinez, A., Palacios, R., Sanchez-Gascon, F., and Martinez, J. (1999). Molecular characterization of American cockroach tropomyosin (Periplaneta americana allergen 7), a cross-reactive aUergen. /. Immunol. 162, 4342 348. 

Insecticidal activity. Water extract of the dried root, at variable concentrations, was inactive on Blatella germanica and Onco-peltus fasciatus, and a dose of 40 mg/kg, administered intravenously, was inactive on Periplaneta americanaP. ... 

Insecticide activity. Acetone extracts of the dried leaf, dried root, and dried stem, at a low concentration, were inactive on Culex quinquefasciatus - Water extract of the dried leaf, administered intravenously, produced weak activity on Periplaneta ameri caruL . 

Singie abdominai injection of 1 mg famphur/kg BW whoie-body residues of famphur, famoxon, and /V-desmethyifamphur measured 1 h after injection AMERICAN COCKROACH, Periplaneta americana Of total amount injected, 84.6% remained after 1 h 79.4% famphur, 2.2% famoxon, and 3.1% /V-desmethylfamphur 2... 

AMERICAN COCKROACH, Periplaneta americana Baits containing 1.5% boric acid All dead in 6 days (6)... 

Furocoumarins such as isopimpinellin, bergapten, and kokusagin have antifeedant activity against Spodoptera litura (54). A number of similar compounds from umbelliferous plants have been demonstrated to be active antifeedants against Spodoptera litura. Periplaneta americana. Musca domestica. Blattela germani ca, and Stylopyga rhombifolia (98). 

Blattoidea Blattidae Blattinae Periplaneta Persoons etal., 1979,1990 ... 

An important step toward the correct identification of the sex pheromone of P. americana was the identification of several phytochemicals, such as bomyl acetate and santalol, that stimulated courtship behavior in males (Bowers and Bodenstein, 1971 see p. 196). Some years later, Tahara etal. (1975) and Kitamuta et al. (1976) reported that germacrene-D, extracted from composite plant species, stimulated sexual behavior in males of P. americana and the Japanese cockroach Periplaneta japonica Karny. Persoons etal. (1974, 1976) determined, on the basis... 

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