Periodic Table of the Chemical Elements

Krebs, Robert E. The history and use of our earth s chemical elements a reference guide. Westport (CT) Greenwood P, 1998. ix, 346p. ISBN 0-313-30123-9 A short history of chemistry — Atomic structure The periodic table of the chemical elements — Alkali metals and alkali earth metals - Transition elements metals to nonmetals — Metallics and metalloids - Metalloids and nonmetals — Halogens and noble gases - Lanthanide series (rare-earth elements) — Actinide, transuranic, and transactinide series... 

Russian chemist Dimitrii Mendeleev who developed the Periodic Table of the chemical elements. Credit for the first synthesis of this element is given American chemists at the University of California lab in Berkeley, California under Glenn T. Seaborg in 1958, who used the nuclear reaction Es ( He, 2n) Md and the nuclear reaction Es ( He, n) Md. The longest half-life associated with this unstable element is 51 day Md,... 

Many of these men and women recognized the existence of some order in the manner in which chemicals relate and react to each other. Although these scientists could not see the atoms themselves, they were aware that the structure of each element s atoms has something to do with these characteristics. There were several attempts to organize the elements into a chart that reflected the particular nature of the atoms for these elements. Before the periodic table of the chemical elements was developed as we know it today, several relationships had to be established. (See the next section for more on the periodic table of the chemical elements.)... 

Without a doubt, the periodic table of the chemical elements is the most elegant organizational chart ever devised. Conceptually, many individuals recognized that certain chemical elements have similar characteristics to other chemical elements before the table was developed. This was accepted even though the atoms of a particular element are different from atoms of related elements. How do we determine what the relationships of these similar characteristics are when compared with different elements ... 

The mineral petalite was mined as an ore in Sweden. In 1817 Johan August Arfwedson (1792—1841) analyTed this new mineral. After identifying several compounds in the ore, he realized there was a small percentage of the ore that could not be identified. After applying more analytical procedures, he determined it was a new alkali. It turned out that petalite contains hthium aluminum silicate, LiAllSi O lj. In 1818 the first lithium metal was prepared independently by two scientists, Sir Humphry Davy (1778—1892) and W.T. Brande (1788—1866). Lithium was discovered at a time in the early nineteenth century when numerous new elements were discovered and identified by other scientists. Many of these newly named elements were predicted by the use of the periodic table of the chemical elements. 

ORIGIN OF NAME Named after and to honor the Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev who developed the periodic table of the chemical elements. 

The Free Dictionary Periodic Table, http //columbia.thefreedictionary.com/ Periodic+table+of+the+chemical+elements... 

The existence of the Periodic Table of the chemical elements and the concept of the atomic number motivated A. van den Broek to assert that the nuclear charge in a neutral atom was exactly equal to its atomic number 20). This cogent speculation was given experimental support by the brilliant experimental work of H.G.J. Moseley 21). He measured the frequency, v, of the characteristic x-rays for most of the known elements using the recently discovered crystal monochromator. A relationship was established ... 

The Periodic Table of The Chemical Elements (Table 2.3) was first organized by Mendeleyeff in 1869 [7] well before quantum mechanics and the modem theory of atomic structure, by using group analogies in chemical and physical properties Mendeleyeff even predicted two as yet undiscovered elements (Ga, Ge) and left spaces for them in his table. 

Generally speaking, liquid-phase fluorination catalysts are located in groups 4 (Ti [2], etc.), 5 (Nb, Ta [3], etc.), 6 (Mo, etc.), 14 (Sn [4], etc.) and 15 (Bi, As, Sb [5], etc.) columns of the Periodic Table of the chemical elements. Among all these compounds, SbClj and more specifically the Sb(V)Cl F entities which were first synthesized by Swarts in 1895 [6], are the most active catalysts. From a mechanistic point of view, Sb(V)Cl Fj, in the presence of HF form superacidic species such as SbCl F +i H. Cl/F exchange reaction can be concerted or can proceed via a carbocation followed by addition of F [7], while the addition of HF to a double bond could proceed via two types of attack, nucleophilic (F ) or electrophilic (H ) [8]. 

Mendeleev s Periodic Table of the chemical elements is one of the most important milestones in the history of chemistry. The fact that elements can be classified into... 

The perennial goal of ever trying to extend the upper limit of the periodic table of the chemical elements is enticing, and its pursuit should continue to yield very useful information about nuclear and chemical properties that will add to our future knowledge of other elements in the periodic table, as it has in the past. 

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