Per capita growth rate

The functions /r(Q) and p(5, Q) are, respectively, the per-capita growth rate and the per-capita uptake rate. To motivate appropriate hypotheses for these functions, we consider some examples from the literature. The following form for the growth rate is attributed to Droop [Dl D2 CNl CN2] ... 

Of course such exponential growth cannot go on forever. To model the effects of overcrowding and limited resources, population biologists and demographers often assume that the per capita growth rate N/N... 

A mathematically convenient way to incorporate these ideas is to assume that the per capita growth rate n/N decreases linearly with N (Figure 2.3.2). 

This is an ordinary differential equation because it contains a function and its first derivative ordinary means that the only independent variable is time, t. The parameter r is the population s per capita growth rate and includes the difference of the per capita birth and death rates. The purpose of the equation is to determine the solution, Nil), that is, the population dynamics. In this case, the solution is simple to find because we know that only the exponential function is equal to its derivative ... 

Per capita income rate of growth Presence or absence of militant or Communist-dominated unions... 

Size of market for your products rate of growth Size of population rate of growth Per capita income rate of growth Income distribution... 

Population growth rates are another point of contention between developed and developing countries. Total emission is the per capita emission rate times the total population size. The population growth which is occurring predominantly in the Third World will become an important factor. 

The United States produces a very large amount of MSW, over 236 million tons in 2003, compared to 205 miUion tons in 1990. Most of this growth can be attributed to population increase, as the per capita generation rate has remained relatively stable since 1990, at about... 

The second is the rate of real GDP per capita growth that is, by about 2% per year currently. 

Solid Wastes and Biomass Large and increasing quantities of solid wastes are a significant feature of affluent societies. In the United States in 1993 the rate was about 1.8 kg (4 lb) per capita per day or nearly 190 Tg (2.07 X 10 U.S. tons) per year, but the growth rate has slowed in recent years as recycling efforts have increased. Table 27-4 shows that the composition of miscellaneous refuse is surprisingly uniform, but size and moisture variations cause major difficulties in efficient, economical disposal. 

Since the mid-1970s, the rate of growth of per capita gasoline consumption has slowed. An important factor in causing this moderation in demand was the trend to improve automobile fuel economy that was initiated by worldwide fuel shortages. Fuel economy hovered around 14.1 mpg between 1955 and 1975 it rose sharply over the next 15 years, reaching around 28.2 mpg in 1990. 

Population growth rate (r) Per capita rate of increase of population. 

Population growth rates are another point of dissension between developed and developing countries. Total emission is the per capita... 

The rectangles or boxes in Figure 35.11 are called "stocks" and represent places where items (millions of barrels of oil or metrics tons of oil, in this case) can be counted at a single time point. The arrows between the stocks are called "flows" and denote the rate at which items move from one place to another in the system. Note that all these flows are "per time" concepts discovery, pumping, and consumption are often measured in millions of barrels of oil per year, while net growth of the human population would be characterized as people per year. Other icons such as the circles which represent "auxiliary" variables total existing oil reserves and oil consumption per capita) and the thin arrows called "links" which represent inter-relationships (human population multiplied by oil consumption per capita equals consumption) flesh out the set of causal inter-relationships in the system. 

Note The figures should be read horizontally, to compare total GNP (not per capita) in each year with the UK. The vertical figures do not measure growth, only change relative to British GNP. The sharp increase in the rate of relative decline of British GNP between 1966 and 1969 reflects the effects of devaluation of sterling on international comparisons based on current exchange rates. 

A highly industrialized country characterized by significant technological development, high per capita income, and low population growth rates. 

Predictions of atmospheric CO2 change depend not only on choices concerning future energy sources but also on the rate of world population growth, and the ultimate maximum energy consumption per capita. These estimates are difficult to make, but various scenarios have been developed to provide some limits on future CO2 concentrations. 

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