Relative change

Fig.2. Tomographic (a) and graphic (b, for depth 13 mm) images of relative change of Young s modulus 5E% (average on volume Eo=218,310 Pa) of material in section perpendicular to surface of thick-sheet sample (thickness 26 mm).

Moving the transducer along the concrete surface one is able to directly compare the data from different positions simultaneously reeieving information on intensity and phases of the signal and their relative changes. A Pentium-PC, included in tlie testing-system,... 

A procedure for determining the stoichiometry between two reactants by measuring the relative change in absorbance under conditions when each reactant is the limiting reagent. 

Any improvement in resolution obtained by increasing ki generally comes at the expense of a longer analysis time. This is also indicated in Figure 12.11, which shows the relative change in retention time as a function of the new capacity factor. Note that a minimum in the retention time curve occurs when b is equal to 2, and that retention time increases in either direction. Increasing b from 2 to 10, for example, approximately doubles solute B s retention time. 

Fig. 5. Relative change in length with temperature of P-quartz glass-ceramics designed for A, precision optics and B, cooktop panels. Curves for C, fused...

FIG. 18-23 Relative change in sohd-liqiiid mass-transfer ratio with three different suspension levels, i.e., on-hottom motion, off-hottom motion, and complete uniformity. 

It is seldom possible to specify an initial mixer design requirement for an absolute bubble size prediction, particularly if coalescence and dispersion are involved. However, if data are available on the actual system, then many of these correlations could be used to predict relative changes in drop size conditions with changes in fluid properties or impeller variables. 

Relative changes in the components of eqn. (6) mean that PJCO2 should decrease by about a factor of three between 25 " C and 0" C. However, atmospheric concentrations of CO2 are essentially uniform, so tropospheric mixing clearly acts fast enough for this potential poleward gradient to be absent. 

To evaluate the quantity of interest, i.e., the relative change in reflectance, AR/R, a normalization procedure must be used to eliminate the uninteresting common feature /q(X). In Figure 2 the normalization is performed by the variable neutral density filter (VNDF) connected to a servo mechanism. The dc signal from the detector, which is proportional to /o(A.)./2(A.), is introduced into the servo, which moves the VNDF in such a manner as to keep /Q(k)R(k) constant, i.e., /q(X)R(X) = C. Under these conditions the ac signal Iq(X)ARQC) = CARQC)/RQC. ... 

Figure 22. Relative Changes in Plate Temperature with Column Flow, Measured in Units of -vil for Different Values of Heat Loss Factor (P)...

FIGURE 12.27 Relative change in the volume expansion coefficient for air and water. 

Fig. 5.17. The relative change in magnetization for a 3% silicon-iron alloy shows clear indications for a transition at 14 GPa, the end of the mixed phase region, 22.5 GPa, and the overdrive pressure at the Rayleigh line at 37.5 GPa (after Duvall and Graham [77D01]).

Relative change of electrical resistivity measured for Ag-3.5at%Al system at aging period with falling and rising temperatures [38]. ... 

Figure 7 Relative change of electrical resistivity during isothermal aging condition with falling and rising temperatures obtained by PPM calculations [25, 33] without (a) and with (b) incorporating thermal activation process in the spin flip probability 6. The assumed temperature dependency of 6 is indicated in figure c.

Figure 1. Relative change of resislivily during isochronal annealing (AT=10K, At=10min) of completely recrystallized CujAu Tlie LRO-parameter as calculated by Rossiter formalism (A=0 5) is given on second axis ( ) increasing, (0) decreasing temperature (o) plateau values of small step annealing procedure.

Figure 2 Relative change of resistivity during isochronal annealing (AT=10K, At=10min) of deformed samples Deformed in disordered state 40% (A) and 80% reduction ( ) deformed in ordered state 30% reduction ( )...

Figure 6. Relative change of residual resistivity and LRO-parameter of Ni76Al24+0.19at%B during isothermal annealing at indicated temperatures ...

The relative change of conductance of the solution during the reaction and upon the addition of an excess of reagent largely determines the accuracy of the titration under optimum conditions this is about 0.5 per cent. Large amounts of foreign electrolytes, which do not take part in the reaction, must be absent, since these have a considerable effect upon the accuracy. In consequence, the conductimetric method has much more limited application than visual, potentiometric, or amperometric procedures. 

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