Penicillium brevicompactum

In addition to its presence in fmits, S(—)-malic acid has been found in cultures of a variety of microorganisms including the aspergiUi, yeasts, species of Sekrotinia, and Penicillium brevicompactum. Yields of levorotatory malic acid as high as 74% of theoretical have been reported. Iron, manganese, chromium, or aluminum ions reportedly enhance malic acid production. S(—)-Mahc acid is involved in two respiratory metaboHc cycles the Krebs tricarboxylic acid... 

Overy DP and Frisvad JC. 2005. Mycotoxin production and postharvest storage rot of ginger (Zingiber officinale) by Penicillium brevicompactum. J Food Prot 68 607-609. 

Patino B, Medina A, Domenech M, Gonzalez-Jaen MT, Jimenez M and Vazquez C. 2007. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) identification of Penicillium brevicompactum, a grape contaminant and mycophenolic acid producer. Food Addit Contam 24(2) 165-172. 

The structures of four new potentially allelopathic spiroditerpenoids, namely (+)-breviones B 29, C 30, D 31 and E 32, have been identified from extracts of semisolid fermented Penicillium brevicompactum Dierckx <00JOC9039>. 

Tephrosone 33, a flavonoid belonging to the tephrorin family (vide supra), was found to possess a dihydrobenzofuran framework . Moreover, a metabolite of Penicillium brevicompactum, namely brevione A 34 was found to contain a spiro system . Neomarinone 35, another metabolite from a marine actinomycete, constitutes an intriguing sesquiterpenoid skeleton <00TL2073>. 

Brown AG Smale TC, King TJ, Hasenkamp R, Thompson RH. (1976) Crystal and molecular structure of compactin, a new antifungal metabolite from Penicillium Brevicompactum. J Chem Soc, Perkin Trans 1 1165-1170. 

Mycophenolic acid (Figure 3.36) is produced by fermentation cultures of the fungus Penicillium brevicompactum. It has been known for many years to have antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antitumour properties. It has recently been introduced into medicine as an immunosuppressant drug, to reduce the incidence of rejection of transplanted organs, particularly kidney and heart transplants. It is formulated as the /V-morpholinoethyl ester mycophenolate mofetil (Figure 3.37), which is metabolized after ingestion to mycophenolic... 

Macias, F. A., Varela, R. M., Simonet, A. M., Cutler, H. G., Cutler, S. J., Ross, S. A., Dunbar, D. C., Dugan, F. M., and Hill, R. A., 2000. Allelochemicals from New Zealand fungi. (+)-Brevione A. The first member of a novel family of bioactive spiroditerpenoids isolated from Penicillium brevicompactum Dierckx. Tetrahedron Lett. 41, 2683-2686... 

Shaligram, N.S., Singh, S.K., Singhal, R.S., Pandey, A., and Szakacs, G. 2008. Compactin production studies using Penicillium brevicompactum under solid-state fermentation conditions. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 159(2) 1-16. 

Brown et al. at Beechams also reported the isolation of (123), but as a metabolite from Penicillium brevicompactum (159). The... 

As to the nomenclature, the first name of a microorganism describes the affiliation to a genus (e.g., Aspergillus, Penicillium or Bacillus) and the second one the species Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillium brevicompactum or Bacil-... 

Bedroom Generally XerophUic mold genera in household dust Eurotium repens, Aspergilluspenicilloides, Penicillium chrysogenum, Penicillium brevicompactum, Wallemia sebi, Eurotium halophilum... 

The unique bicyclo[2,2,2]diazaoctane ring system constitutes one of the structural characteristics of brevianamides (Fig. (32)). Brevianamide A (144) was originally isolated from cultures of Penicillium brevicompactum by Birch and Wright in 1969 [98]. Brevianamide A (144) was also isolated from cultures of Penicillium viridicatum by Wilson and coworkers in 1973 [99]. Bird and coworkers observed that 144 is formed only after conidiation has begun in solid cultures of P. brevicompactum [100]. Birch and Russell isolated brevianamide B (145)... 

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