PDDA chloride

The use of polymeric ammonium salts and a sulfonic acid salt of sodium is an easy and efficient way of coating fabrics furthermore, employing the layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition technique can broaden the application of N-halamine biocides in other polar substances for use as antimicrobial coatings. Branched PEI, polypropylene (PP) and styrene maleic anhydride copolymers are a very good coating for food packaging materials, possibly due to the presence of both cationic- and N-halamine-forming structures. N-halamine cationic antimicrobial polymers based on (acrylamidopropyl)trimethylammonium chloride, PDDA chloride and poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid sodium salt) have been synthesised and coated onto cotton fabrics via an LbL deposition technique. 

Negatively charged species such as carboxylic acid group in acid-treated CNTs can attract positively charged enzymes from solution as long as the pH value of the enzyme solution is controlled to be lower than the iso-electric point of the enzyme thus, multilayer films of the enzyme can be formed by the layer-by-layer technique. For example, five layers of GOx can be immobilized on the electrode surface by alternatively dipping a poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA))-functionalized GC into a CNT solution and a GOx solution (pH 3.8). Figure 15.15 illustrates the preparation process for the formation of a multilayer film of GOx on the electrode. 

Poly(diallydimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) was purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co. 2-Morpholinoethanesulfonic acid (MES) was from Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd. Poly(butylviologen) (PBV), shown in Scheme 1, was synthesized according to literature method and checked by HNMR [7], Ultrapure water (18.3 M l) was prepared with a Milli-Q filtration unit of Millipore Corp. 

Poly(diallyldiinelhylarnino-nium chloride) (PDDA) or polyethylene amine (PEI) Linear poly(ethylene amine) Iron hexacyanoferrate (Prussian Blue) [29, 63]... 

Fabrication of organic thin films based on sponfaneous molecular assembly has been considered as one of fhe powerful approaches to create novel supramolecular systems. In this context, multilayer films were fabricated by layer-by-layer electrostatic deposition techniques based on the electrostatic interaction between dsDNA and the positively charged polymer poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) on GC surfaces. A uniform assembly of PDDA/DNA multilayer films was achieved, based on the adsorption of the negatively charged DNA molecules on the positively charged substrate [55]. 

Gold nanoparticles can also be stabilized using polymers that do not have specific functional groups through physisorption. Among the possible stabilizers, the polymers used most often to stabilize Au NPs are the water soluble polymers poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), polyethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(vinyl pyridine), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PVME), and polyelectrolytes such as PAA, chitosan, polyethyleneimine (PEI) or poly(diallyl dimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA) [99]. 

For enzyme attachment to the silicon microreactor tested, a layer-by-layer technique was employed to build a multilayer system of polyions and enzyme. Deposition of multilayers was accomplished by alternating positively and negatively charged layers of polydimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride (PDDA) and polystyrene sulfonate (PSS), respectively, to which was attached urease enzyme. After depositing in succession three layers of PDDA, PSS, and PDDA, three layers of urease enzyme were alternately deposited with three layers of PDDA. The resulting architecture is described as follows ... 

Figure 8.12 Schematic illustration of the layer-by-layer deposition on an Au electrode initially with positively charged poly(diallydimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA) and negatively charged poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate). Subsequent depositions entailed (I) PDDA-modified Prussian blue nanoparticles (P-PB), followed by (II) negatively charged glucose oxidase (GOx).55 (Reprinted with permission from W. Zhao et al., Langmuir 2005, 21, 9630-9634. Copyright 2005 American Chemical Society.) (See color insert.)...

An adsorption test for dye was performed using model solution, which was prepared with acid red 44 (crystal scarlet, Aldrich). Prepared aluminas (P2 and P4) were added into 2% polydiallyldimethylanunonium chloride (PDDA, Aldrich) solution, and stirred for 3 hr. 0.1 g of PDDA treated aluminas were stirred with 10 ml of dye solution (50 ppm). Depletion of dye was determined by UV (510 run) spectrometry (HP8453, Hewlett Packard). 

Our bi- and tri-metallic species are derived from precursor molecules that can be denuded (chemically) to expose only the mixed-metal constituent atoms. The nanoalloys that almost all others prepare are generally formed by methods that rely on sequential addition of separate solutions such as HAuCl and PdCl [35] to form Au-Pd nanoalloys. Moreover, such nanoalloys (like the metallic nanoparticles now in extensive use [45]) are utilized in their passivated form, which means that they have surfactant species such as poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), PVP, or poly-diaUyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (PDDA) covering their surfaces (The molecular weight of which may be as large as 450 kDa). Our nanoparticles are free from such surfactants or any other stabilizing molecular entity. 

Alcohol dehydrogenase SWCNT/ poly(dimethyl diallylammonium chloride) (PDDA) modified GCE Ethanol biosensor [112]... 

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