Pauling, Linus Nobel prizes

Linus Pauling (1901-1994) was born in Portland Ore gon and was educated at Oregon State University and at the California Institute of Technology where he earned a Ph D in chemistry in 1925 In addition to re search in bonding theory Pauling studied the structure of proteins and was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry for that work in 1954 Paul ing won a second Nobel Prize (the Peace Prize) in 1962 for his efforts to limit the testing of nuclear weapons He was one of only four scientists to have won two Nobel Prizes The first double winner was a woman Can you name her" ... 

In the 1930s a theoretical treatment of the covalent bond was developed by, among others, Linus Pauling (1901-1994), then at the California Institute of Technology. The atomic orbital or valence bond model won him the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1954. Eight years later, Pauling won the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to stop nuclear testing. 

Linus Pauling (1901-1994) won the 1954 Nobel Prize in chemistry for his ideas about chemical bonds. Pauling was a leader in the movement to limit nuclear weapons, for which he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1963. 

The Nobel Prize chemist Linus Pauling related the mechanism of sickle cell anemia to a genetic defect in hemoglobin synthesis and thus defined the first molecular disease. Pauling s groundbreaking paper in 1949 was boldly titled Sickle Cell Anemia A Molecular Disease. Many claim that this discovery laid the foundation for molecular biology. What is the chemistry that is at the heart of this pioneering work ... 

For a brief life of this brilliant man, try the Web page of the Swedish Academy of Science, who awarded him two Nobel prizes go to http //www.nobel.se/chemistry/ laureates/1954/pauling-bio.html. Alternatively, his authorized biography, Linus Pauling, is by Anthony Serafini, Paragon House, 1991. 

An important element in the three-dimensional structure of a protein is the secondary structure. The secondary structure results from the formation of hydrogen bonds between the—N—H groups and the carbonyl (C O) groups of the peptide bonds —N—H 0=C. There are two basic ways to do this. We can form a helix or we can form a sheet. The great American chemist Linus Pauling won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 for the elucidation of these structures. 

Marie Curie named polonium after her native country of Poland. She is also given credit for coining the world radioactivity. She is one of only two chemists to receive two Nobel Prizes. In 1903 both the Curies and Antoine-Henri Becquerel (1852—1908) shared the Nobel Prize for Physics for their work on radioactivity in 1911 Madame Curie received the prize for chemistry for the discovery of radium and plonium. (The other scientist who received two Nobel Prizes was Linus Pauling [1901-1994], one for chemistry in 1954, and a Nobel Peace... 

Linus Pauling, in 1954, received the Nobel Prize for his insights into the structure of materials, mainly proteins. Pauling showed that only certain conformations are preferred because of intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonding. While we know much about the structures of natural macromolecules, there is still much to be discovered. 

Marie and Pierre Curie and Henri Becquerel shared the Nobel Prize in physics in 1903 for pioneering investigations of radioactivity. The Curies needed 4 years to isolate 100 mg of RaCI2 from several tons of ore. Marie received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1911 for her isolation of metallic radium. Linus Pauling, John Bardeen, and Frederick Sanger are the only others who received two Nobel Prizes. 

Linus Pauling (1901-1994) was one of the twentieth century s greatest scientists. He twice won Nobel prizes, once for chemistry and once for peace. His Nature... 

Figure 8.3 Linus Pauling also won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962 for his efforts to end open-air testing of nuclear weapons, making him the only person to win two unshared Nobel Prizes.

INTRODUCTION TO QUANTUM MECHANICS With Applications to Chemistry, Linus Pauling E. Bright Wilson, Jr. Classic undergraduate text by Nobel Prize winner applies quantum mechanics to chemical and physical problems. Numerous tables and figures enhance the text. Chapter bibliographies. Appendices. Index. 468pp. 5X 8X. 64871-0 Pa. 9.95... 

Linus Pauling (1901-1994) was the most famous American chemists of the 20th century and the author of the classic The nature of the chemical bond. His early work pioneered the application of X-ray diffraction to determine the structure of complex molecules he then went on to apply quantum theory to explain these observations and predict the bonding patterns and energies of new molecules. Pauling, who spent most of his career at Cal Tech, won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 and the Peace Prize in 1962. 

Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 for his investigations of the chemical bond. Eight years later he won the Nobel Peace Prize for his vigorous opposition to the testing of nuclear bombs. He is the only person ever to receive two unshared Nobel Prizes. 

Two-time Nobel Prize winner Linus Pauling once said, The way to get good ideas is to get lots of ideas and throw the bad ones away. ... 

Although you did not receive the Nobel Prize, and you could very well have, receiving this mention by Primo Levi is unique. Of course, your discovery of the preparation of Xe [PtF ], which you published in June 1962, makes you unambiguously the pioneer of the field. The paper is very brief, less than half a page long and cites only three references. You did not mention Linus Pauling s prediction of the possibility of noble gas compounds from the early 1930s. 

Lewis published these ideas in his 1923 book Valence and the Structure of Atoms and Molecules, and they were widely taken up and developed in the U.S.A. and Europe, for example, by N. V. Sidgwick at Oxford, whose Electronic Theory of Valency appeared in 1927. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry was left unfilled in 1919, 1924 and 1933 for lack of candidates of suitable stature, and Lewis would have been an appropriate candidate for any of these years. In fact, he was nominated for a Nobel Prize by the inorganic chemist and historian of chemistry, J. R. Partington (1886-1965) at the University of London. For the first half-century after the award of the first Nobel Prize in Chemistry to van t Hoff in 1901, the chemistry prize went to those who had discovered or characterised new chemical elements, new physico-chemical principles, new chemical reactions, or had elucidated the structure and accomplished the synthesis of natural products. The first award for research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances went in 1954 to Linus Pauling at Caltech. 

The author is currently the Linus Pauling Chair Professor of chemistry and physics and the Director of the Physical Biology Center for Ultrafast Science Technology and the National Science Foundation Laboratory for Molecular Sciences at Caltech in Pasadena, CaUfomia, USA. He was awarded the 1999 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 

There is the heritage of Linus Pauling, twice winner of the Nobel Prize, who faced off the opposition with his orthomolecular approach to the body s dysfunctions. In particular, he has long been known for his advocacy of megadoses of vitamin C. Then there are the two Drs. Shute, of Canada, who pioneered the intake of vitamin E for the heart, a regimen that is finally coming into vogue. 

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