Patch matrix compartments neurons

Fig. 26. The relationship between the laminar organization of the cortex and the striatal patch-matrix compartments is diagrammed showing inputs from the prelimbic (A) and cingulate (D) cortices to the striatum. Corticostriatal neurons located in the deeper part of layer 5 (black cells in A and B) in each cortical area provide inputs directed to the patch compartment (black stippling in B,C, E and F), whereas corticostriatal neurons located in the superficial part of layer 5 (white cells in A and D) provide inputs directed to the matrix compartment (white stippling in B,C, E and F). Inputs from these cortical areas are somewhat greater to the patch compartment as compared to their inputs to the matrix compartment. The prelimbic and cingulate cortical areas provide inputs to a topographically related region in the striatum which overlaps to some extent for these two corticostriatal projections.

Calbindin-immunoreactive and calretinin-immunoreactive neurons project to the frontal cortex and striatum (Gerfen et al., 1987). In the rat, the efferents of calbindin-positive neurons take part in the neostriatal mosaic (see Section 5.1), since they project selectively to the matrix compartment of the striatum, whereas calbindin-negative neurons innervate preferentially the patch compartment (Gerfen et al., 1985, 1987). 

Gerfen, 2004). The patch compartments of the striatum are characterized by low levels of acetylcholine and high levels of various opiates and substance P. The matrix compartment is characterized by cholinergic and somatostatin-containing neurons. Anatomically, corticostriatal and thalamostriatal projections are closely associated with the striatal matrix, while projections from limbic structures, such as the hippocampus and the amygdala, primarily innervate striatal patches. 

Song DD, Harlan RE (1994) Genesis and migration patterns of neurons forming the patch and matrix compartments of the rat striatum. Dev Brain Res 83 233-245. 

Fig. 24. Patch and matrix striatal compartments are labeled with neurochemical markers. A) The patch compartment is labeled with 3H-naloxone binding to mu opiate receptors (white in the darkfield photomicrograph). B) The matrix compartment is labeled with calbindin-immunoreactivity, which labels spiny projection neurons that provide inputs to the substantia nigra pars reticulata. The correspondence between calbindin-poor zones (black arrows) and mu opiate binding sites (white arrows) is seen to occur in all regions of the striatum. Calbindin-immunoreactivity is relatively weak in the dorso-lateral striatum, which nonetheless contains opiate receptor patches.

The basis of striatal patch-matrix organization is the segregation of striatal medium spiny neurons that have projections to different components of the substantia nigra and entopeduncular nucleus (Gerfen 1984, 1985 Gerfen et al. 1985). Neurons in the patch compartment project to the location of the ventral tier dopamine neurons, whereas neurons in the matrix compartment project to the location of GABA neurons in the... 

These latter studies have demonstrated that the dendrites may take tortuous paths to remain confined within a particular compartment. In particular, patch neurons are often seen to have recurved dendrites that dutifully respect the borders between the patch and matrix compartments. This organization of the dendrites of medium spiny neurons suggests that afferents from outside the striatum that target a particular compartment... 

Fig. 29. Coronal sections through the striatum showing mu-opiate receptor with 3H-naloxone binding of patches (A and B) and in adjacent sections spiny projection neurons labeled by in situ hybridization histochemistry with probes directed against substance P mRNA (A ) and enkephalin mRNA (B ). Substance P and enkephalin are expressed by different populations of spiny projection neurons, each comprising about half of the population and each evenly distributed in both patch and matrix compartments (arrows show patches in the corresponding sections). From Gerfen and Young (1987).

Gerfen CR, Young WS (1988) Distribution of striatonigral and striatopallidal peptidergic neurons in both patch and matrix compartments an in situ hybridization histochemistry and fluorescent retrograde tracing study. Brain Res., 460, 161-167. 

Kubota Y, Kawaguchi Y (1993) Spatial distributions of chemically identified intrinsic neurons in relation to patch and matrix compartments of rat neostriatum. J. Comp. Neurol., 332, 499-513. 

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