Entopeduncular nucleus

Forehmin frontal cortex olfactory nucleus nucleus accumbens septal area amygdala hypothalamus entorhinal cortex caudate nucleus entopeduncular nucleus hippocampus ventral and medial thalamus median forebrain bundle dorsal noradrenergic bundle... 

In combined tracing and immunocytochemical studies in the rat it was shown that the PPN, or at least a part of it, sends Glu-enriched fibers to the STN (Bevan and Bolam, 1995), and to the entopeduncular nucleus (Clarke et al., 1997). The latter authors could, furthermore, demonstrate that a significant portion of labeled axon terminals from the PPN displayed high levels of immunoreactivity against both Glu and choline acetyltransferase, suggestive of a co-localization of Glu and acetylcholine. 

Clarke NP, Bevan MD, Cozzari C, Hartman BK, Bolam JP (1997) Glutamate-enriched cholinergic synaptic terminals in the entopeduncular nucleus and subthalamic nucleus of the rat. Neuroscience S7 371-385. 

Basal ganglia Neostriatum Accumbens nucleus Globus pallidus Ventral pallidum Entopeduncular nucleus Subthalamic nucleus Endopiriform nucleus Claustrum... 

Fig. 6. Effects of cannabinoids on synaptic transmission in nuclei belonging to the extrapyramidal motor control system. DA, dopamine FSN, fast spiking neuron MSN, medium spiny neuron SNC, substantia nigra pars compacta SNR, substantia nigra pars reticulata. CBi receptor-mediated inhibition of neurotransmission was demonstrated at many synapses of this motor control system. In addition to the proved sites of inhibition, inhibition is very probable at additional sites (based on the localisation of the CBi receptor). For the sake of simplicity, the pathway including the entopeduncular nucleus (globus pallidus medialis/internus) is not shown...

Fig. 13. A) Diagram showing an example of inputs to the globus pallidus (GP) from striatal spiny projection neurons. Typically there are two major sites of axonal arborization, one in the region immediately adjacent to the striatum and a second in the central region of the GP. B) Stylized drawing of two pallidal neurons showing how the dendrites of neurons are confined within the two regions of the GP that conform to the pattern of striatal inputs. C) The axonal projection of a globus pallidus neuron of the type with discoid dendrites, which provides collaterals to the striatum (CP), to the entopeduncular nucleus (EP), subthalamic nucleus (stn) and substantia nigra (SN). Adapted from Kita and Kitai 1994.

Descending output of the globus pallidus to other components of the basal ganglia is directed principally to the subthalamic nucleus and to the entopeduncular nucleus (internal segment of the globus pallidus in primates) and the substantia nigra (Haber... 

Fig. 14. Examples of subthalamic nucleus neurons (A-E) and their location within the subthalamic nucleus (A -E ). The neuron shown in E is shown in a sagittal section (E ) to illustrate the axonal projection, which has collaterals to the globus pallidus (GP), entopeduncular nucleus (EP) and substantia nigra (SN). Adapted from Kita et al. 1983a.

Neurons in the subthalamic nucleus project axons that target neurons in the globus pallidus and in the entopeduncular nucleus and substantia nigra, as well as a sparse projection to the striatum (Kita and Kitai 1987). These inputs provide an excitatory input to each of the target structures (Kita and Kitai 1991 Nakanishi et al. 1987b Robeldo and Feger 1990). 

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