Particulate pollution from diesel engines

For soybean-based biodiesel at this concentration, the estimated emission impacts for percent change in emissions of NO,, particular matter (PM), HC, and CO were +20%, -10.1%, -21.1%, and -11.0%, respectively (EPA, 2002). The use of blends of biodiesel and diesel oil are preferred in engines in order to avoid some problems related to the decrease of power and torque, and to the increase of NO, emissions (a contributing factor in the localized formation of smog and ozone) that occurs with an increase in the content of pure biodiesel in a blend. Emissions of all pollutants except NO appear to decrease when biodiesel is used. The use of biodiesel in a conventional diesel engine dramatically reduces the emissions of unbumed hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, ozone-forming hydrocarbons, and particulate matter. The net contribution of carbon dioxide from biomass combustion is small. 

Several flue gases (e.g., from coal-fired boilers, incinerators, diesel engines) are characterized by high loads of both particulates (e.g., fly ashes, soot) and gaseous pollutants (NO, SO2, VOCs, CO, etc.), which need to be removed for environmental purposes. In this context, several possible applications of catalytic filters can be envisaged, some of which... 

European emission requirements Since the introduction of the Euro 1 standard in 1992 to today s Euro 4 standard, European emissions legislation has reduced light-vehicle diesel pollution from the combined emissions of CO, NOx, hydrocarbons and particulate matter by 82%, Fig. 9.1. Within the same timeframe, CO2 emissions have been reduced by 25%. Further cuts are targeted with draft specifications for Euro 5 and Euro 6. For passenger car diesel engine emissions ... 

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