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Particulate air pollution

Aerosol Dynamics. Inclusion of a description of aerosol dynamics within air quaUty models is of primary importance because of the health effects associated with fine particles in the atmosphere, visibiUty deterioration, and the acid deposition problem. Aerosol dynamics differ markedly from gaseous pollutant dynamics in that particles come in a continuous distribution of sizes and can coagulate, evaporate, grow in size by condensation, be formed by nucleation, or be deposited by sedimentation. Furthermore, the species mass concentration alone does not fliUy characterize the aerosol. The particle size distribution, which changes as a function of time, and size-dependent composition determine the fate of particulate air pollutants and their... [Pg.382]

The oil-fiimace process, based on the partial combustion of Hquid aromatic residual hydrocarbons, was first introduced in the United States at the end of World War II. It rapidly displaced the then dominant channel (impingement) and gas-furnace processes because it gave improved yields and better product quahties. It was also independent of the geographical source of raw materials, a limitation on the channel process and other processes dependent on natural gas, making possible the worldwide location of manufacturing closer to the tire customers. Environmentally it favored elimination of particulate air pollution and was more versatile than all other competing processes. [Pg.544]

Becker, S., Soukup, J.M., and Gallagher, J.E., Differential particulate air pollution induced oxidant stress in human granulocytes, monocytes and alveolar macrophages, Toxicol. In. Vitro. 16, 3, 209, 2002. [Pg.321]

Let us consider the methods used to estimate the health impacts of particulate air pollution, followed by those used to perform economic valuation of changes in illness and premature mortality, and discusses the appropriateness of transferring health benefit estimates from studies in other regions to developing countries. [Pg.285]

Human Health Impacts of Chronic Exposure to Particulate Air Pollution Chronic exposure studies examine the impact of long-term exposure to PM air pollution as well as the cumulative effects of short-term elevated PM levels. These studies... [Pg.286]

Arito, H., R. Soda, and H. Matsushita. Gas chromatographic determination of polynuclear hydrocarbons in particulate air pollutants. Ind. Health 5 243-259, 1%7. [Pg.112]

Knights, R. L., D. R. Cronn, and A. L. Crittenden. Diurnal Patterns of Several Components of Urban Particulate Air Pollution. Paper No. 3 Presented at 1975 Pittsburgh Conference on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Cleveland, Ohio, March 3, 1975. [Pg.118]

Particulate matter air pollution is especially harmful to people with lung disease such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema, as well as people with heart disease. Exposure to particulate air pollution can trigger asthma attacks and cause wheezing, coughing, and respiratory irritation in individuals with sensitive airways. It was estimated in one major study that the excess risk of total mortality is 6.2% per each increase in 10pgPM2.s/m and 9.3% for cardiopulmonary mortality. ... [Pg.554]

Pope CA, et al Lung cancer, cardiopulmonary mortality, and long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution. JAMA 287(9) 1132-1141,2002... [Pg.555]

Krewski D, et al Reanalysis of the Harvard Six Cities study and the American Cancer Society Study of Particulate Air Pollution and Mortality A Special Report of the Institute s Particle Epidemiology Reanalysis Project. Cambridge, AlA Health Effects Institute, 2000... [Pg.555]

Dockery, D. W., and J. Schwartz, Particulate Air Pollution and Mortality More Than the Philadelphia Story, Epidemiology, 6, 629-632 (1995). [Pg.40]

Kao, A. S., and S. K. Friedlander, Temporal Variations of Particulate Air Pollution A Marker for Free Radical Dosage and Adverse Health Effects Inhalation Toxicol., 7, 149-156 (1995). [Pg.428]

Kleeman, M. J., and G. R. Cass, Source Contributions to the Size and Composition Distribution of Urban Particulate Air Pollution, Atmos. Environ., 32, 2803-2816 (1998). [Pg.428]

C.D. Livengood, H.S. Huang, M.H. Mendelsohn and J.M. Wu, Development of Mercury Control Enhancements for Flue-Gas Cleanup Systems, Proc. EPRI/DOE International Conference of Managing Hazardous and Particulate Air Pollutants, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, (1995). [Pg.772]

Overview of Published Studies on the Impact of Wood Burning Emissions on Particulate Air Pollutants... [Pg.129]

Pope CA, Dockery DW (2006) Health effects of fine particulate air pollution lines that connect. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 56 709-742... [Pg.137]

Pio CA, Castro LM, Cerqueira MA, Santos IM, Belchior F, Salgueiro ML (1996) Source assessment of particulate air pollutants measured at the southwest European coast. Atmos Environ 30(19) 3309-3320... [Pg.186]

Forsberg B, Hansson HC, Johansson C, Areskoug H, Persson K, Jarvholm B (2005) Comparative health impact assessment of local and regional particulate air pollutants in Scandinavia. [Pg.191]

Borrego C, Tchepel O, Costa AM, Martins H, Ferreira J, Miranda AI (2006) Traffic-related particulate air pollution exposure in urban areas. Atmos Environ 40 7205-7214... [Pg.272]

Dockery DW, Pope C (1994) Acute respiratory effects of particulate air pollution. Annu Rev Public Health 15 107-132... [Pg.318]

Seaton A, MacNee W, Donaldson K, Godden D (1995) Particulate air pollution and acute health effects. Lancet 345 176-178... [Pg.335]

Gilmour, M. I., M. J. K. Selgrade, and A. L. Lambert. Enhanced allergic sensitization in animals exposed to particulate air pollution. Inhalation Toxicol. 12 (suppl. 3) 373-380, 2000. [Pg.342]

Jensen, K.A., Kofoed-Sprensen, V. and Clausen, P.A. (2005b) The Indoor and Outdoor Concentrations of Particulate Air Pollution and PAHs in Different Size Fractions and Assessment of Exposure and Health Impacts in the Copenhagen Population, No. 1003 2005. 1-82. Danish Ministry of the Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Pg.43]

Association between chemical features of fine particulate air pollution and respiratory health of schoolchildren Study was designed to investigate whether exposure to metals and particulate air pollution is associated with airway inflammation, reduced lung function in schoolchildren (European Commission 2004). [Pg.67]

See other pages where Particulate air pollution is mentioned: [Pg.1580]    [Pg.89]    [Pg.274]    [Pg.286]    [Pg.24]    [Pg.1]    [Pg.555]    [Pg.71]    [Pg.2]    [Pg.544]    [Pg.107]    [Pg.1325]    [Pg.142]    [Pg.123]    [Pg.124]    [Pg.135]    [Pg.136]    [Pg.136]    [Pg.136]    [Pg.184]    [Pg.290]    [Pg.22]    [Pg.260]    [Pg.219]    [Pg.62]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.404 , Pg.654 , Pg.657 , Pg.672 , Pg.678 , Pg.694 , Pg.697 ]



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