Partially dissolved/suspended

Partially dissolved/suspended hemicellulose adhesive. One-sixth of the hemicellulose used for this preparation was heated at 70 °C for 15 min with sodium hydroxide (1.3% on total solids) and half the water required for the whole mixture. After being cooled to ambient temperature, the remainder of the water, hemicellulose, and borax (3.8% on solids) was added. In some cases (Table I), the borax and sodium hydroxide contents were varied. 

For oxide CMP, the purpose of the solution is two fold. First, water weakens the Si—O bond in a silicon dioxide film and softens the surface as it becomes hydrated with Si—OH bonds [6,7]. Figure 10 shows the reaction mechanism. Second, the solution is to provide a basic environment (pH > 10), which accelerates the hydration rate. An environment with high pH values will allow the polishing-induced reaction to be further accelerated because the surface Si(OH) species will be partially dissolved into water. In the meantime, the zeta potential of silica increases with increasing pH values. At high zeta potentials silica particles will repel each other, whereby a better-suspended slurry is formed. 

Stirring (300 rpm) was started, and the mass was heated and kept at the desired temperature for 2 hours. During this preliminary treatment, the elastomer was swollen and partially dissolved by the monomer. Finally, the remaining water containing the initiator in suspension was introduced, and the reaction was allowed to proceed until the monomer conversion reached the desired value. The polymer, in the form of pearls, was separated from the suspending liquid by centrifugation, washed thoroughly with water, and dried in an oven at reduced pressure. 

With agitation, the micelles are dispersed into the water and removed from the previously dirty surface. In essence, soap molecules partially dissolve the greasy stain to form the emulsion that is kept suspended in water until it can be rinsed away (see Figure 2). 

Lastly, in 1866 still, Mr. Stanislas Meunier was led by his experiments in claiming, like Artur and Hagen, a higher density on the surface of all liquids. The experiments concerned consist in suspending a vertical solid cylinder in a such manner that it is immersed partly in a solvent liquid after some time, the cylinder is found cut in two on the level of the surface of the liquid, and the lower portion, which is only partially dissolved, falls to the bottom of the vessel. However, whatever the cause of this singular phenomenon, surface viscosity seems not to have any share I have noted, in fact, that a rosin cylinder is cut perfectly by spirits of turpentine, although, in this liquid, surface viscosity ( 268 and 274) is less than the interior viscosity. 

In the second process the /z-paraffins are partially chlorinated with chlorine gas in a multistage reactor. The resulting product, a mixture of /z-paraffins and chloroparaffins, is fed, together with excess benzene, into a reactor where AlCl3-catalyzed alkylation is performed. The catalyst suspended or dissolved in the crude alkylate is then separated, while the benzene and unconverted ti-paraffins are recovered by distillation and recycled to the previous reaction stages. In the last step of the process, the LAB is separated from the heavy alkylates. This second process needs to be integrated with a chlorine production unit and with an additional industrial transformation plant which makes use of the corrosive HC1 byproduct. 

Efficiencies for removal in the wastewater treatment plant were estimated for total and soluble BOD, total COD, soluble COD, color, total suspended and dissolved solids, and total solids. The removal efficiencies summarized in Table 21.14 are high for total BOD, soluble BOD, and suspended solids, at 96%, 96%, and 95%, respectively. The removal efficiencies for total and soluble COD were significantly lower at 76% and 66%, respectively. The removal efficiency for color was only about 38%. This value is typical for biological treatment of pulp and paper wastewater, and may be due, at least partially, to the formation of new colored groups when the bleach effluents are oxidized in the treatment system. 

Crude phosphoric acid is often black and contains dissolved metals and fluorine, and dissolved and colloidal organic compounds. Suspended solid impurities are usually removed by settling and solvent extraction (using a partially miscible solvent, such as n-butanol, /.so-butanol, or n-heptanol), or solvent precipitation is used to remove the dissolved impurities. The phosphoric acid is extracted, and the impurities are left behind. Back-extraction with water recovers the purified phosphoric acid. Solvent precipitation uses a completely miscible solvent plus alkalis or ammonia to precipitate the impurities as phosphate salts. After filtration, the solvent is separated by distillation and recycled. 

The polymer may be dissolved in a water-immiscible liquid, then suspended into droplets, and the resulting suspension is partially stripped until a suspension of expandable particles is obtained. For example, a... 

Transfer the crude acidic diphenol 5 from the filter paper to a 500 mL beaker and suspend it in an ethanol-water mixture (250/85 mL). It dissolves only partially. 

Step 2 product (1.77 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (1.95 mmol) were suspended in 10 ml anhydrous CHC13, then heated to 45°C, and treated with CBr4 (1.95 mmol) dissolved in 2 mi CHC13 over 15 minutes, and stirred 4 hours. The solution was then washed with EtOAc and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography using 10-20% EtOAc/petroleum ether, providing a partially separated mixture of the following ... 

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