Paraoxonase polymorphisms

T. L. Diepgen, M. Geldmacher-von Mallinckrodt, Interethnic Differences in the Detoxification of Organophosphates The Human Serum Paraoxonase Polymorphism , Arch. Toxicol. 1986, Suppl. 9, 154-158. 

Rea IM, McKeown PP, McMaster D, Smye M, Stout R, Evans A. Paraoxonase polymorphisms PON1 192 and 55 and longevity in Italian centenarians and Irish nonagenarians. A pooled analysis. Exp Gerontol 2004 39 629-635. 

Taylor, M.C., Le Couteur, D.G., Mellick, G.D., Board, P.G. (2000). Paraoxonase polymorphisms, pesticide exposure and Parkinson s disease in a Caucasian population. J. Neural Transm. 107 979-83. 

Davies, H.G., Richter, R.J., Keifer, M., Broomfield, C.A., Sowalla, J., Furlong, C.E. (1996). The effect of the human serum paraoxonase polymorphism is reversed with diazoxon, soman and sarin. Nat. Genet. 14 334-6. 

Costa, L.G., Cole, T.B., Vitalone, A., Furlong, C.E. (2006). Paraoxonase polymorphisms and toxicity of organophosphates. In Toxicology of Organophosphate and Carbamate Compounds (R.C. Gupta, ed.). Chapter 18, pp. 247-55. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 

The susceptibility of a minority of the population may be explained by genetic variation in genes affecting OP metabolism. The best studied example is paraoxonase, an enzyme that inactivates OPs (Furlong, 2007 La Du et al, 2001). Paraoxonase polymorphism in humans is hypothesized to explain why some people are resistant to OP toxicity while others are susceptible. Another enzyme that may be involved in resistance to OP toxicity is butyrylcholinesterase. Butyrylcholinesterase scavenges OPs,... 

Holland, N., Furlong, C., Bastaki, M., Richter, R., Bradman, A., Huen, K., Beckman, K., Eskenazi, B. (2006). Paraoxonase polymorphisms, haplotypes, and enzyme activity in Latino mothers and newborns. Environ. Health Perspect. 114 985-91. 

Blatter Garin, M.C., James, R.W., Dussoix, P., Blanche, M., Passa, P., Froguel P., Ruiz, J. (1997). Paraoxonase polymorphism Met-Leu 54 is associated with modified serum concentrations of the enzyme. A possible link between the paraoxonase gene and increased risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetes. J. Clin. Invest. 99 62-6. 

Geldmacher von Mallinckrodt, M., Diepgen, T.L. (1988). The human serum paraoxonase polymorphisms and specificity. Toxicol. Environ. Chem. 18 79-196. 

Mueller, R.F., Homung, S., Furlong, C.E., Anderson, J., Giblett, E.R., Motulsky, A.G. (1983). Plasma paraoxonase polymorphism a new enzyme assay, population, family biochemical and linkage studies. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 35 393-408. 

Dessi, M. et al. Influence of the human paraoxonase polymorphism (PONl 192) on the carotid-wall thickening in a healthy population. Coron. Artery Dis. 10 (1999) 595-9. 

Garin MC, James RW, Dussoix P, Blanche H, Passa P, Froguel P, Ruiz J. Paraoxonase polymorphism Met-Leu54 is associated with modified serum... 

Shenhar-Tsarfaty, S., Waiskopf, N., Ofek, K., et al., 2013. Atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis parameters in stroke patients associate with paraoxonase polymorphism and esterase activities. Eur. J. Neurol. 20 (6), 891-898. 

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