P-nucleating agent

More recently, Kotek at al. studied the effects of untreated (denoted as Cl) and stearate-treated calcium carbonate particles (denoted as C2) of 1.3 p.m on the tensile properties of P-PP. Moreover, stearate-coated calcium carbonate particles of 0.075 p,m (denoted as C3) are also used (44). The p-nucleating agent employed is based on an amide of dicarboxylic acid. The critical concentration of p-nucleator needed to achieve 61% P-PP is 0.03 wt% on the basis of the XRD analysis. With further increase in the p-nucleator content to 0.1 wt% (supercritical), the p-PP content increases, but very slightly, to 65%. Furthermore, the K value also depends... 

The K value observed in fibres coloured with quinacridone pagment is comparable to the value obtained during crystallization of polypropylene melt in quiescent conditions in the presence of very effective p nucleating agents. 

Figure 5.14. The SEM micrographs of PP/10% ethylene-ootene copolymer/0.5% P-nucleating agent sample a. core layer, h. skin layer. [Adapted, hy permission, from Wang, F Du, H Liu, H Zhang, Y Zhang, X Zhang, J, Polym. Testing, 45, 1-11, 2015.]...

Figure 6.8. Dependence of the activation energy on the relative degree of crystallinity of neat propylene-ethylene copolymer (PP-R) and copolymer containing proprietary P-nucleating agent (PP-RCT). [Adapted, by permission from Papageorgiou, D G Papageorgiou, G Z Bikiaris, D N Chrissafis, K, Eur. Polym. J., 49, 1577-90, 2013.]...

Isotactic random propylene/ethylene copolymer containing P-nucleating agent (N, N -dicyclohexy l-2,6-naphthalenedicarboxamide) was processed by compression, injection molding and extrasion. The compression molded sample had the highest crystallinity (42.8%), followed by the extraded sample (39.1%) and the injection molded sample (38.6%). ... 

Polypropylene nonwovens or yams are produced by extruding a mixture of polypropylene and P-nucleating agent or certain clarifiers to form the improved polypropylene filaments." The P-nucleating agent comprises at least one of N, N -dicyclohexy 1-2,6 naphthalene dicarboxamide and NJ-Star NU-lOO from Rika."... 

P-nucleating agent (TMB-5) and ethylene-octene copolymer, POE, were found to have a synergistic toughening efiect on iPP matrix." When the contents were 0.05 wt% P-nucleating agent and 10 wt% POE, the impact strength reached the maximum, i.e., almost 15 times that of neat iPP." ... 

The addition of P-nucleating agent raised the onset crystallization temperatnre and the relative crystallinity of the P-crystals of the micro-injection molding specimens becanse of its strong heterogeneons nncleating effect in the iPP matrix. Introdnction of UHMWPE increased thickness of the shish-kebab stractnre in the skin layer and indnced the formation of perfect P-cylindralites. Similar effect was observed with the addition of polyolefin elastomer. ... 

The mechanism of thermal oxidation of PP films was imchanged in the presence of p-nucleating agent, but the time to initiation and the rate of oxidation both declined. The melting temperature of neat iPP significantly decreased while only a slight decrease of the melting temperature occmred for P-nucleated iPP. ... 

Isotactic polypropylene composites with tetra-needle-shaped zinc oxide whisker were prepared via melt blending in a twin-screw extruder. The whisker is a p-nucleating agent, which offers higher crystallization temperature, smaller sphemlites, and faster crystalhzation rate than can be obtained in neat iPP. The addition of whisker also increases heat deflection temperature and thermal degradation temperature of iPP composite. ... 

The P-nucleating agent for polypropylene is a water-free admixture of calcium carbonate and a calcium salt of a dibasic organic acid. The dibasic organic acid is selected from the group consisting of pimelic acid, suberic acid, and azelaic acid. The most suitable composition contains calcium carbonate and pimelic acid. The dibasic acid is reacted with calcium compound at temperature of 150°C in fluidized bed reactor. ... 

Depending on the ciystallization conditions, sPS chains can ciystalUze into at least four ciystalline modifications (a, p, y, and 8 forms). The mechanical strength of sPS samples depends on the crystalline modification and the degree of ciystalUnity. Graphene nanosheets acted as P-nucleating agent for syndiotactic polystyrene. Carbon nanotubes increase peak crystallization temperature by 14°C. ... 

Manufacture of liners for cabinet of a refrigerator requires addition of nucleating agent, which is P-nucleating agent. Aromatic phosphate salt is used in additive master-batch for home appliance production. ... 

Nonwoven and yam polypropylene contairrs rrucleating agent, which is N, N -dicy-clohexyl-2,6-rraphthalene dicatboxamide (NJ-Star NU-lOO) from Rika Milliken s NX8000 or l,2,3-trideoxy-4,6 5,7-bis-0-((4-propylphenyl)-methyletre)-norritol can also be used in place of the P-nucleating agent. ... 

A structured film of a semi-crystalline polyolefin contains a P-nucleating agent. The P-nucleating masterbatch was obtained from the Mayzo Corporation, under the trade designation MPM 1114. ... 

The thermal deformation temperature of P-isotactie polypropylene are mueh higher than that of the a-isotactic polypropylene. The P-nucleating agents are eonsidered as the most useful in improvement of the thermal deformation properties. The thermal deformation temperature of PET containing 1 wt% montmorillonite was increased by 35°C. ... 

FTIR was used to probe thermal oxidation stability of polypropylene films nucleated by P-nucleating agents. Carbonyl index was measured. ... 

Infrared microscopy, pFTlR, is a highly attractive technique to map the crystallinity and additive content of polymer samples. " The spatial distribution of the p-nucleating agent in random ethylene propylene copolymer was determined by pFTIR from the sum... 

P phase rich or even pure p-phase with spherulitic structure can be prepared by using a selective p-nucleating agent [1]. The experimental data indicated a possible upper (TO ) = 140°C) and lower temperature (T(ap) = 100-110 C) limit of the formation of pure 3-iPP [1, 2, 9]. The p-modification of iPP (p-iPP) has a trigonal cell with parameters a = b = 1.101 nm, c = 0.65nm containing three isochiral helices. This cell is frustrated the three helices do not have similar orientation [7]. 

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