P-nonylphenol

Linear novolac resins prepared by reacting para-alkylphenols with paraformaldehyde are of interest for adhesive tackifiers. As expected for step-growth polymerization, the molecular weights and viscosities of such oligomers prepared in one exemplary study increased as the ratio of formaldehyde to para-nonylphenol was increased from 0.32 to 1.00.21 As is usually the case, however, these reactions were not carried out to full conversion, and the measured Mn of an oligomer prepared with an equimolar phenol-to-formaldehyde ratio was 1400 g/mol. Plots of apparent shear viscosity versus shear rate of these p-nonylphenol novolac resins showed non-Newtonian rheological behavior. 

Phosphoric acid esterified with polyethoxylated p-nonylphenol. 

DIO. De Jager, C., Bornman, M. S., and Van der Horst G., The effect of p-nonylphenol, an environmental toxicant with oestrogenic properties, on fertility potential in adult male rats. Andrologia 31, 99-106 (1999). 

Environmental chemicals such as p-nonylphenol (NP), 4-ferf.-octylphenol (OP), 4-ferf.-pentylphenol (TPP), bisphenol-A (BPA), tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBA), butylbenzylphthalate (BBP), di- -butylphthalate (DBP), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), p-chloro-ra-cresol, p-chloro-o-cresol, ds-nonachlor, frans-nonachlor, and the herbicide alachlor [2-chloro-iV-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl) acetamide] have been discovered to be weakly estrogenic [128,129,137,138]. 

PTOP), p-nonylphenol (NP) and bisphenol A (BPA). The results showed the presence of PTOP in three samples in the range 2.2 to 37 p-g/g, NP in fifteen samples in the range 2.6 to 513 pg/g, and no PTBP or NP in any samples. Some specific migration experiments for NP were also carried out using water, 20% ethanol and n-heptane. The levels were found to vary from 0.004 to 1.519 pg/ml, with the higher results being obtained with the n-heptane. 

Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Numbers CAS 25154-52-3 (mixed isomer) CAS 104-40-5 (4-nonylphenol) CAS 136-83-4 (2-nonylphenol) Synonyms Nonylphenol p-Nonylphenol-branched 4-Nonylphenol 2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptylphenol Chemical/Pharmaceutical/Other Class Nonylphenol (NP) is a member of the alkylphenol class of chemicals. Alkylphenols are produced from cyclic intermediates during refining of petroleum... 

Doerge DR, Twaddle NC, Churchwell MI, et al. (2002) Mass spectrometric determination of p-nonylphenol metabolism and disposition following oral administration to Sprague-Dawley rats. Reproductive Toxicology 16 45-56. 

Plasticizers (e.g., phthalate esters and p-nonylphenol) were introduced to impart flexibility to polyvinylchloride (PVC) and other plastics. Their developmental effects on children were subsequently discovered. 

Soto AM, Justicia H, Wray JW, Sonnenschein C. p-Nonylphenol An estrogenic xenobiotic released from modified polystyrene. Environ Health Perspect 1991 92 167-73. 

Gray, M.A. and C.D. Metcalfe. Induction of testis-ova in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) exposed to p-nonylphenol. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 16 1082-1086, 1997. 

Hemmer, M.J., B.L. Hemmer, C.J. Bowman, K.J. Kroll, L.C. Folmar, D. Marcovich, M.D. Hoglund and N.A. Denslow. Effects of p-nonylphenol, methoxychlor, and endosulfan on vitellogenin induction and expression in sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus). Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 20 336-343, 2001. 

Hemmer, M., C. Bowman, B. Hemmer, S. Friedman, D. Marcovich, K. Kroll and N. Denslow. Vitellogenin mRNA regulation and plasma clearance in male sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus) after cessation of exposure to 17/3-estradiol and p-nonylphenol. Aquat. Toxicol. 58 99-112, 2002. 

Mannich polyols is a very important group of aromatic polyols obtained by the alkoxylation with propylene oxide (PO) [(and/or ethylene oxide (EO)] of the Mannich bases obtained by classical Mannich reaction between phenols (for example phenol, p-nonylphenol), formaldehyde and alkanolamines (diethanolamine, diisopropanolamine, monoethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine and so on). Synthesis of Mannich polyols is divided into two important steps ... 

All the aromatic polyesters based on DEG have poor compatibility with blowing agents (pentanes or fluorocarbons) and to improve this compatibility compatibilising polyols such as ortho-toluene diamine polyols, propoxylated a-methyl glucoside polyols, oxyethylated p-nonylphenol, amine and amide diols, PO-EO block copolymers, borate esters, silicone compounds and so on, are frequently used [27-30]. 

Nonyl Phenol, Approx mol wt 215. A technical grade mixture of monoalkyl phenols, predominantly para substituted. The side chains are isomeric branched-alky] radicals. Manuf of p-nonylphenol Faith, Keyes Clark s Industrial Chemicals. F. A. Lowenheim, M. K. Moran. Eds. (Wiley-Interscience, New York. 4th ed., 1975) pp 575-578. 

Aoki, N., Nishikawa, M., and Hattori, K. (2003). Synthesis of chitosan derivatives bearing cyclodextrin and adsorption of p-nonylphenol and isphenol A, Carbohydr. Polym., 52,219-223. 

Nonylphenol. See p-Nonyl phenol p-Nonyl phenol CAS 104-40-5 84852-15-3 Synonyms 4-Nonylphenol p-Nonylphenol, branched Phenol, p-nonyl-Empirical C15H24O... 

Kimura, A. Taguchi, M. Ohtani, Y. TaMgami, M. Shimada, Y. Kojima, T. Hiratsuka, H. Nam, H. Decomposition of p-nonylphenols in water and elimination of their estrogen activities by °Co y-ray irradiation. Radiat. Phys. Chem. 2006, 75, 61-69. 

Ministry of the Enviromnent, Japan. Report on screening test for endocrine dismpting property of p-nonylphenols to fishes. Ministry of the Environment Tokyo, Japan, August 2001 (in Japanese). 

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