P388 mouse leukemia cells cytotoxicity

In 1997, Chakrabarty et al. reported the isolation of 9-carbethoxy-3-methylcarba-zole (5) and 9-formyl-3-methylcarbazole (6) from the roots of M. koenigii (17). These metabolites are the first 9-formyl and 9-carbethoxy carbazole derivatives obtained from plant sources. 9-Formyl-3-methylcarbazole (6) showed weak cytotoxicity against both mouse melanoma B16 and adriamycin-resistant P388 mouse leukemia cell lines. The structural assignment of these two alkaloids was based on the IR- and H-NMR spectra which were lacking any signal of an NH group. Additional structural support for 9-carbethoxy-3-methylcarbazole (5) was provided by the similarity of the UV absorption spectrum with that of a synthetic sample, obtained by reaction of 3-methylcarbazole with ethyl chloroformate in the presence of base. Further structural support for 9-formyl-3-methylcarbazole (6) was derived from a comparison of the UV spectrum and the IR carbonyl absorption (1696 cm ) with those of an authentic sample of 9-formyl-3-methylcarbazole (1700 cm ), prepared by the treatment of 3-methylcarbazole (2) with 98% formic acid (17) (Scheme 2.3). 

Kohamaic acids A (9) and B (10) exhibited cytotoxicity against P388 mouse leukemia cells, with an IC50 of 17 and 2.8 Xg/mL, respectively. Kohamaic acids also completely inhibited the cleavage of fertilized sea urchin eggs at a concentration of 2 Xg/mL. 

The pinnatoxins show cytotoxicity against the P388 mouse leukemia cell line. The most toxic congener was pinnatoxin D, with an IC50 of approximately 3 jM [43],... 

Flavazole C-nucleosides revealed cytotoxic activity against the human nasopharynx KB epidermoid carcinoma cells (82MI4 84MI5) and mouse P388 leukemia cells (84MI5). 

The cytotoxicity of compounds 22-38 and 42-44 was evaluated against mouse lymphoc3dic leukemia (P388) cells. The toxicity of these compounds against fertilized sea urchin eggs was also evaluated. The results are shown in Table (2). 

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