Pacific oyster

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 1998. Outbreak of Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections associated with eating raw oysters Pacific Northwest, 1997, Morbidity Mortality Wkly. Rep., 47(22), pp. 457-462. 

Apart from gastropods, harmful effects of TBT have also been demonstrated in oysters (Environmental Health Criteria 116, Thain and Waldock 1986). Early work established that adult Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) showed shell thickening caused by the development of gel centers when exposed to 0.2 pg/L of TBT fluoride (Alzieu et al. 1982). Subsequent work established the no observable effect level (NOEL) for shell thickening in this, the most sensitive of the tested species, at about 20 ng/L. It has been suggested that shell thickening is a consequence of the effect of TBT on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (Alzieu et al. 1982). Reduced ATP production may retard the function of Ca++ ATPase, which is responsible for the Ca++ transport that leads to CaCOj deposition during the course of shell formation. Abnormal calcification causes distortion of the shell layers. 

Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas soft parts 0.8 (0.2—2.9) DW 92... 

Ayling, G.M. 1974. Uptake of cadmium, zinc, copper, lead and chromium in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, grown in the Tamar River, Tasmania. Water Res. 8 729-738. 

Copper is the active agent in many antifouling paints applied to watercraft (Aaseth and Norseth 1986 Hall et al. 1988). The growing use of copper-based paints subsequent to the prohibition in 1982 of tributyltin-based paints (Hall et al. 1988) is associated with elevated copper concentrations in Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) farmed in the Bay of Arcachon, France (Claisse and Alzieu 1993). 

Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, soft parts 909 (113-2805) DW 134... 

Cheung, Y.H. and M.H. Wong. 1992. Trace metal contents of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) purchased from markets in Hong Kong. Environ. Manage. 16 753-761. 

Coglianse, M.P. and M. Martin. 1981. Individual and interactive effects of environmental stress on the embryonic development of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. I. The toxicity of copper and silver. Mar. Environ. Res. 5 13-27. 

Okazaki, R.K. 1976. Copper toxicity in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 16 658-664. 

Pacific scallop, Chlamys ferrei nipponensis Soft parts Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas 48 DW 2... 

Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas Soft parts... 

Pacific oyster, Crassostrea 0.01-0.02 Spat show reduced growth and hypoxia 10... 

Davies, I.M., J.C. McKie, and J, D. Paul. 1986. Accumulation of tin and tributyltin from anti-fouling paint by cultivated scallops (Pecten maximum) and Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas). Aquaculture 55 103-114. 

Shim, W.J., J.R. Oh, S.H. Kahng, J.H. Shim, and S.H. Lee. 1998. Accumulation of tributyl- and triphenyltin compounds in Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, from the Chinhae Bay system, Korea. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 35 41-47. 

C. fluminea 1000 Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas After exposure for 30 days, about 30% dead. Survivors had osmoregulatory impairment and residues, in mg Zn/kg DW soft parts, of 2000 vs. 200 in controls. Depuration complete by day 17 post-exposure, and growth rate returns to normal 10... 

The half-time persistence (Tb 1/2) of zinc in whole molluscs is extremely variable, and reported to range from 4 days in the common mussel (Mytilus edulis) to 650 days in the duck mussel (Anodonta nutalliana) intermediate values were 23 to 40 days in limpet (Littorina irroratea), 76 days in the California mussel (Mytilus californianus), and 300 days in the Pacific oyster (NAS 1979). Zinc persistence in selected organs also shows considerable variability and may be significantly different from Tb 1/2 values seen in whole animal. For example, the Tb 1/2 of zinc in... 

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