Oxytocin intranasal

When administering oxytocin intranasally to facilitate the letdown of milk, the nurse places the patient in an upright position, and with the squeeze bottle held upright, administers the prescribed number of sprays to one or both nostrils. The patient then waits 2 to 3 minutes before breastfeeding the infant or pumping the breasts. If a breast pump is being used, the nurse records the amount of milk pumped from the breasts. 

Oxytocin is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug, cephalopelvic disproportion, unfavorable fetal position or presentation, in obstetric emergencies, situations of fetal distress when delivery is not imminent, severe toxemia (preeclampsia, eclampsia), hypertonic uterus, during pregnancy (intranasal administration), when there is total placenta previa, or to induce labor when vaginal delivery is contraindicated. Oxytocin is not expected to be a risk to the fetus when administered as indicated. When oxytocin is administered with vasopressors, severe hypertension may occur. 

Angst J, Baastrup P, Grof P, et al The course of monopolar depression and bipolar psychoses. Psychiatria, Neurologia, Neurochirurgia 76 489-500, 1973 Ansseau M, Legros JJ, Mormont C, et al Intranasal oxytocin in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology 12 231-236, 1987... 

Mayer-Hubner B. Pseudotumour cerebri from intranasal oxytocin and excessive fluid intake. Lancet 1996 347(9001) 623. 

Oxytcxrin preparations are widely used with or without umniotomy to induce and stimulate labor. Although injection Is the u.sual mute of administration, the sublingual route is extremely effective. Sublingual and intranasal spray (Oxytocin Nasal Solution. USP) routes of administration also will stimuliile milk letdown. 

Drugs that are routinely administered intranasally include peptides such as vasopressin and its analog desmopressin, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, buserelin, leuprolide, nafarelin, and oxytocin. 

Drug administration route Intranasal Intranasal oxytocin 40 lU bd for 3 weeks was studied in 19 patients with schizophrenia in a randomized crossover study the authors reported that it was well tolerated [61 ]. 

Feifel D, Macdonald K, Nguyen A, Cobb P, Warlan H, Galangue B, Minassian A, Becker O, Cooper J, Perry W, Lefebvre M, Gonzales J, Hadley A. Adjunctive intranasal oxytocin reduces symptoms in schizophrenia patients. Biol Psychiatry 2010 68 (7) 678-80. 

Intranasal oxytocin A trial of intranasal oxytocin (n = 8, each subject received, in a randomised order, placebo, 24 lU and 48 lU oxytocin separated by 7 days) for treating social anxiety in males with fragile X syndrome found that 24 lU but not 48 lU oxytocin improved eye gaze frequency No adverse events were recorded throughout the study and safety data did not differ between controls. Larger, more comprehensive randomised, placebo-controlled trials examining intranasal oxytocin in this population are required before definitive conclusions about safety and efficacy in this population can be drawn. 

Hall SS, Lightbody AA, McGarthy BE, Parker KJ, Reiss AL. Effectsof intranasal oxytocin on social anxiety in males with fragile Xs)mdrome. 

Modabbernia A, Rezaei F, Salehi B, Jafarinia M, Ashrafi M, Tabriz M, et al. Intranasal oxytocin as an adjunct to risperidone in patients with... 

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