Oxygen-bonded Compounds

Studies on the interactions between polyhydroxy-compounds and metal ions are also reported in Chapters 3 and 19. 

Grasdalen, T, Anthonsen, B. Larsen, and O. Smidsrod, Acta Chem. Scand. (B), 1975, 29, 99. 

Methyl 4,6-0-benzylidene-a- and -jS-D-glucopyranosides and other sugars containing a vicinal trans-diol grouping reacted with dibutyltin oxide to give O-(dibutylstannylene) derivatives (see Vol. 8, p. 121), 

Conductimetric, electrophoretic, and polarimetric measurements have been used to investigate the complexation of borate anions with sugars and related polyhydroxy-compounds. The results were used to optimize the separation of sugars on anion-exchange resins in the borate form. 

A useful review has appeared on the application of tin reagents in the selective substitution and oxidation of carbohydrate derivatives. Mannofuranosyl mannofuranosides have been made using 

3 -Dlalkylstannylene derivatives of nucleosides have been made by 

Considerable work continues in the field of metal complexing with sugar derivatives. Complexes between univalent cations and 

Complexes of sugars have been reported as follows L-arabinose 21 

and Te(VI) hydroxyanlons mannose and nickel N,N -dimethyl -ethylenediamine (a crystalline complex containing two 6-pyranose and one S-furanose units is formed).Related studies were carried out with D-glucose and D-fructose, the latter giving the crystalline compound (l4), which is a glycosylamlne derivative, on 

The chemistry of carbohydrate boronates has been reviewed. Borate has been used as a blocking group which could be selectively removed in the presence of isopropylidene acetals. The method was used to synthesize 6-methacrylates as monomers for polymerization. Chelation of pentitols with boric and germanic 

Reaction of 1,2 5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-a-D-gIucofuranose with triphenyl-phosphine-diethyl azodicarboxylate and methyl iodide gave the relatively stable alkoxyphosphonium salt (14). The triphenylphosphonium group was displaced by benzoate to give the 3-0-benzoyl derivative (15).  

Some physicochemical measurements on mono-l-triethyl silatranyl ethers prepared from a range of monosaccharide derivatives have been reported. Treatment of D-glucose, D-galactose, and D-xylose with (EtO)3SiH followed by tris[HOCH2CH2)3N] gave the cyclized glycosylsilatranes isolated as their peracetates (16)-(18).  

1 1 complexes with D lucose and D-xylose in acid media. These ions have high catalytic activity in the preparation of furfural from 3-D-xylose. The iron(lll) chelating ability of carbohydrates has been shown to decrease in the order fructose, maltitol, sorbitol, xylitol, xylose, maltose, sucrose, glucose. The preparation, isolation and analysis of a series of iron(lll) chelates are described. 

Francotte, J. Vandegans, D. Jacqmain, and G. Michel, Suer. Beige Sugar Ind. Abstr., 1979, 98, 137 (Chem. Abs., 1979, 91, 141139f). 

Several instances of the use of silicon and tin derivatives have been noted earlier (Chapters 4 and 6). 

A review has appeared on the synthetic, analytical, and biological uses of borate complexes of carbohydrates. The interaction of molybdate and tungstate with mannitol and glucitol have been further studied in dilute solution by potentiometric methods.  

Work with cations includes examination of the viscosity effects of sodium and potassium halides on solutions of xylose (structure-making and structurebreaking trends were studied), calorimetric analysis of the interaction of calcium ions with D-galactose, myo-inositol, and lactose, and conductance 

Organotin, organolead, and organogermanium complexes have been prepared from phthalate or succinate acid esters derived from sucrose.  

---

While metal-nitrogen and metal-oxygen bonded compounds dominate nucleobase coordination chemistry, examples in which metal-carbon bonds are formed have been identified. Early studies on the synthesis of metal-labeled DNA demonstrated that nucleotide-triphosphates, UTP, CTP, dUTP, and dCTP, can undergo mercury modification at C5 (82,83). The UTP derivative was also shown to act as a substrate for RNA polymerase in the presence of mercaptans (83). Later, guano-sine was shown to undergo mercury modification at C8 though, in this case, the purine was multiply substituted, 21 (84). 

Carbon-bonded Phosphorus Derivatives Other Carbon-bonded Compounds Oxygen-bonded Compounds... 

---