Oxone®

Air Quality Criteria for Oxone and Other Photochemical Oxidants, PubUcation No. EPA-600-8-84-020F, 5 vols., U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, N.C., 1986. EPA pubUshes separate criteria documents for aU the criteria poUutants and they are updated about every five years. 

Carboxyesterase is inhibited by the organophosphoms insecticide EPN in its activated oxon form and this has been used as a malathion synergist. 

The triple salt is better known by the trademarks Caroat (Degussa), OXONE Monopersulfate Compound (Du Pont), and Curox (Laporte). It is also known as potassium caroate. It has been made on a commercial scale siace the 1950s, and the world market ia 1994 was several thousand tons. It is made commercially by Peroxid-Chemie (Germany), Degussa (Germany), Du Pont (United States), and Migas (Japan). In 1994, the United Kingdom price was J1.80/kg ( 2.67/kg). 

Nitroso compounds are formed selectively via the oxidation of a primary aromatic amine with Caro s acid [7722-86-3] (H2SO ) or Oxone (Du Pont trademark) monopersulfate compound (2KHSO KHSO K SO aniline black [13007-86-8] is obtained if the oxidation is carried out with salts of persulfiiric acid (31). Oxidation of aromatic amines to nitro compounds can be carried out with peroxytrifluoroacetic acid (32). Hydrogen peroxide with acetonitrile converts aniline in a methanol solution to azoxybenzene [495-48-7] (33), perborate in glacial acetic acid yields azobenzene [103-33-3] (34). 

Supplier Cham, London. U.K. or Hunstville. AL or Creare.x. Inc. Hanover. NH Fluent Europe. Sheffield. U.K. or Lebanon. NH CFDS AEA Tech.. Oxon. U.K. or Pittsburgh. PA CFDS. AEA Tech.. Oxon. U.K. or Pittsburgh. PA Fluid Dynamics. International. Inc. Evanston. IL. USA... 

RM Consultants Ltd, Suite 7, Hitching Court Abingdon, Oxon, 0X14 IDY, ENGLAND Phone 0235 - 555755... 

The name 5-azaorotic acid should be given to allantoxanic (oxonic) acid but it is not yet commonly used. The elucidation of the correct structure of this compound was closely linked to the solution of the course of oxidation of uric acid mentioned earlier. 

The structure (5) originally proposed by Ponomarev appeared to be confirmed by the conversion of dihydrooxonic acid to allantoin performed by Biltz and Giesler. Biltz and RobP showed later that oxonic acid is identical with allantoxanic acid obtained on oxidation of allantoin. Since that time both these trivial names are in usage. 

Works on the oxidation of uric acid has unequivocally established the triazine structure > ° (9) of oxonic acid. This is further confirmed by the straightforward synthesis described by Piskala and Gut. ° The reaction of biuret (11) with potassium ethyloxalate yielded a potassium salt (24), that with ethyl oxamate, the amide of oxonic acid (25). Both these compounds were converted to 5-azauracil. An analogous reaction with diethyloxalate which should produce an ester of oxonic acid resulted in a mixture of urethane and parabanic acid, however. 

Hence, by this pathway the formation of allantoin is not at variance with the triazine structure of oxonic acid. 

Deactivation (weak) from the adjoining ring does not prevent facile disubstitution of 4-methyl- and 4-phenyl-2,7-dichloro-1,8-naphthyridines wdth alkoxides (65°, 30 min), p-phenetidine (ca. 200°, 2 hr), hydrazine hydrate (100°, 8 hr), or diethylaminoethylmer-captide (in xylene, 145°, 24 hr) mono-substitution has not been reported. Nor does stronger deactivation prevent easy 2-oxonation of 5,7-dimethoxy-l-methylnaphthyridinium iodide wdth alkaline ferricyanide via hydroxide ion attack adjacent to the positive charge and loss of hydride ion by oxidation. 

Tlie reaction of 5,6-dithiabicyclo[2.1.1]hexaiie 11a with OXONE led to the corresponding dithiirane 12a, which was, however, stable only in solution (Amax at 442 nm in CH2CI2). Treatment of the reaction mixture containing 12a with MCPBA gave the dithiirane 1-oxide 13a (8%) (95TL1867). Tire introduction of electron-withdrawing substituents on the benzene rings provided the dithiirane oxide 13b in a better yield (21%). 

Tire reaction of 1,3-dithietanes 14 with OXONE produced dithiirane 1-oxides 15 directly (95TL1867). Dithiirane 1-oxides 15 would be formed through the initially formed 1,3-dithietane oxides. 

Treatment of ethyl 10-methylthio-9-fluoro-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-7-oxo-7//-pyrido[l,2,3- 7e]-l,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylate with oxone in aqueous MeOH at 0°C afforded 10-methylsulfonyl derivative (99H(51)1563). Methylthio group in a 7-(4-methylthiophenyl)-5-oxo-2,3-dihydro-5//-pyrido[l,2,3- 7e]-l,4-benzoxazine-3-carboxamide was oxidized to a sulfoxide and a sulfone group (OOMIPl). 

Aiiphadc md aromadc primary amines are rapidly md efficiently oxidized to nitro compounds by dimethyldioxirime. Dimethyldioxirime is prepared by teacdon of OXONE (Du-... 

In a typical reacdon, ti-butylamine 10.052 g, 0.7 mmol in 5 ml of acetone is treated with 95 ml of dimuhylthoxirime in acetone solndon 10.05 M. The solndon is kept at room temperature for 30 min with the exclusion of light (Eq. 2.53. Aromadc amines are converted into nitro compounds by oxidadon using OXONE itself. ... 

Oxone, K2C03 Shi s asymmetric epoxidation with ketone 1. 

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