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Oxidation of Isopropyl Alcohol

Oxidation of Isopropyl Alcohol Preparation of acetone from calcium [Pg.97]

Acetone is obtained from the oxidation of isopropyl alcohol, a secondary alcohol. acetate. [Pg.97]

Oxidation occurs with oxidizing agents such as acidified KMn04 solution. [Pg.97]

5 CH3 — CH —CH3 + 2KMn04 + 3H2S04 — 5 H3C — C — CH3 + K2S04 + 2MnS04+ 8H20 isopropyl alcohol acetone [Pg.97]

In addition, acetone may be obtained by the reaction of isopropyl alcohol vapor with air at high temperatures in the presence of Cu and Ag catalysts. [Pg.97]


Direct oxidation of hydrocarbons and catalytic oxidation of isopropyl alcohol have also been used for commercial production of acetone. [Pg.94]

Oxidation of isopropyl alcohol (H2R) by chromic acid has been studied in det ai by Westheimer and Novick , and it was found that acetone (R) is formed nearly quantitatively. The reaction proved to be first order with respect to hydrogen chromate and second order with respect to hydrogen ions. Measurements using 2-deutero-2-propanol under identical conditions as those for the oxidation of ordinary isopropyl alcohol showed the rate of reaction to be of that with the hydrogen compound. This fact is considered to prove that the secondary hydrogen atom is removed in the rate-controlling step and that the assumption of hydride-ion abstraction can be excluded. The data are consistent with the following mechanism... [Pg.525]

Oxidation of isopropyl alcohol by chromic acid in concentrated acetic acid solution has recently been studied by Wiberg and Schafer S spectrophotometri-cally. At 385 nm a rapid increase in absorbance (with a half life of about 6 sec) due to mono- and diester formation was noted. When the reaction was examined at 510 nm, first a rapid increase, then a decrease of the absorbance was found. Since at this wavelength only chromium species can absorb, the intermediate could be chromium(V) or (IV). The esr spectra of reaction mixtures showed a relatively sharp signal with a. g = 1.9805 value corresponding to chromium(V). The fact that the relative concentrations of the intermediate determined from the spectral data agree well with the intensity of esr signals, indicates that the same species is responsible for the both phenomena. It is then clear that the oxidation of isopropyl alcohol proceeds via chromium(V). [Pg.526]

The mechanism of the induced oxidation of alcohol is assumed by the authors mentioned to be analogous to that of oxidation of isopropyl alcohol by chromic... [Pg.575]

In the absence of an initiator, alcohols are oxidized with self-acceleration [7-9]. As in the oxidation of hydrocarbons, the increase in the reaction rate is due to the formation of peroxides initiating the chains. The kinetics of radical formation from peroxides was studied for the oxidation of isopropyl alcohol [58] and cyclohexanol [59,60]. [Pg.305]

In the oxidation of isopropyl alcohol, the kinetics of formation of hydrogen peroxide for [H202] = 0.7 mol L 1 is described by the equation [58]... [Pg.305]

Similar mechanisms were postulated for the oxidation of glycols by periodate (32) and Ce(IV) (33, 34), and for the oxidation of glycerol by Ce(IV) (44). In these cases the existence of intermediate complexes was demonstrated. The oxidation of formaldehyde by Ce(IV) was also claimed to involve a pre-equilibrium of a Ce(IV)-formaldehyde complex (51). A similar complex was postulated in the formalde-hyde-Mn04 reaction (49, 87). The oxidation of isopropyl alcohol by chromate ions follows a similar mechanism, and a chromate ester was formed as intermediate (94). [Pg.128]

Isopropyl alcohol production in 1950 exceeded 800,000,000 pounds, all made from petroleum. This alcohol is used mainly as a raw material for the production of acetone and also as a solvent. Acetone is made by the catalytic high temperature dehydrogenation or air oxidation of isopropyl alcohol. A much smaller part of the total acetone supply comes from fermentation and from hydrocarbon oxidation. Like isopropyl alcohol, part of the consumption is for solvent uses, but most serves as a raw material for other oxygenated compounds. [Pg.294]

Exercise 28-12 Irradiation of benzophenone in isopropyl alcohol in the presence of oxygen gives no benzopinacol (the benzophenone is not consumed), but does give 2-propanone (with equal to unity) and hydrogen peroxide (with nearly unity). The reaction does not occur readily in the absence of benzophenone. Explain how benzophenone acts as a photosensitizer for the oxidation of isopropyl alcohol by oxygen. [Pg.1384]

The cyanohydrin is made from acetone in the usual way. Acetone is available by oxidation of isopropyl alcohol. [Pg.623]

M. Rhaman and J. Rocek, Chromium(IV) oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 93 (1971) 5455-5462 Mechanism of chromic acid oxidation of isopropyl alcohol. Evidence for oxidation, ibid., 93 (1971) 5462-5464. [Pg.358]

Kinetic studies of the oxidation of nickel(II) dimethylglyoximate by periodate, catalyzed by iridium(IV), has been published recently.629 Additionally, the kinetics and mechanism of iridiu-m(III)- and ruthenium(III)-catalyzed oxidation of isopropyl alcohol by iodosoacetate have been elucidated.630... [Pg.1167]

The belief that acetone was one of the initial products of the reaction is supported by its extremely fast rate of formation compared with the rate of oxidation of isopropyl alcohol to acetone by 03-02. [Pg.85]

Kinetic Studies. The ozonation rates of 10 alkylmercuric halides were determined in chloroform at 0°C. The rate of ozone oxidation of isopropyl alcohol to acetone under identical conditions was also measured. An attempt to measure the ozonation rate of six dialkylmercurials failed, however, because the reaction with R2Hg was much too fast under these conditions. [Pg.85]

In 2001, negative ion ESl-MS studies suggested that monoper-oxovanadium species are responsible for the vanadium-catalyzed oxidation of Isopropyl alcohol to acetone [30]. Fragmentation studies conducted In the gas phase showed loss of acetone from the species [0V(02)(0 Pr)2] (Fig. 2A, m/z 217), confirming that the reaction occurs within the Inner sphere of the metal. In a follow-up study, positive Ion ESl-MS lead to the observation of the intermediate [VO(OH2)(OH)(OBr)] " (Fig. 2B, m/z 197/199), which was implicated as a potential Intermediate in the vanadium-catalyzed oxidation of bromide by hydrogen peroxide [32]. [Pg.3]

Myasnikov (125) and Komuro, Fujita, and Kwan 126 have observed photosensitization during the oxidation of isopropyl alcohol in the presence of irradiated zinc oxide, but the reaction has not yet been studied in much detail. Klingman (121) has reported a sensitized oxidation of propane in the presence of zinc oxide being irradiated with X-rays. Finally, Barry and... [Pg.47]

The mechanism of the Ley oxidation is complex and the exact nature of the species involved in the catalytic cycle is unknown. The difficulty in establishing an exact mechanism arises from the fact that the complexes of Ru ", Ru ", Ru , Ru and Ru are all capable of stoichiometrically oxidizing alcohols to carbonyl compounds. The TRAP reagent can oxidize alcohols stoichiometrically as a three-electron oxidant and can also be used as a catalyst when a co-oxidant is present (e.g., NMO, TMAO, or hydroperoxides). Data suggests that the oxidation proceeds via the formation of a complex between the alcohol and TRAP (ruthenate ester). It was also found that the stoichiometric oxidation of isopropyl alcohol with TRAP is autocatalytic and the catalyst is suspected to be colloidal RUO2. Small amounts of water decrease the degree of autocatalysis. This observation is supported by the finding that the addition of molecular sieves improves the efficiency of the reaction. [Pg.262]

Derivation (1) Oxidation of cumene (2) dehydrogenation or oxidation of isopropyl alcohol with metallic catalyst (3) vapor-phase oxidation of butane (4) by-product of synthetic glycerol production. [Pg.9]

A similar reaction has been observed for both the ionized and unionized isopropyl radical produced, either by reduction of acetone by e aq, or by oxidation of isopropyl alcohol in N20-saturated solution (8)... [Pg.297]

In the case of a secondary alcohol, the first step brings about a change similar to that which takes place when a primary alcohol is oxidized. The oxidation of isopropyl alcohol—the secondary alcohol which contains the smallest number of carbon atoms—is represented by the equation, —... [Pg.187]

The formation of acetone as the result of the oxidation of isopropyl alcohol is of interest, as it throws light on the relation which exists between the structures of these compounds —... [Pg.206]

The catalytic properties of vanadium containing compounds (expanded layered inateriats where unudaie us the interlayer anion) were investigated for photo oxidation of isopropyl alcohol to acetone and oxidation of o-xylenc to o-tolualdehydc [42]. The samples were active when thermally decomposed in between 620-670K. possibly due to better access of vanadium sites in the interlayer. At this temperature, the framework is partially destroyed with the collapse of the layered structure but without any significant reaction between the vanadate and the framework species. [Pg.57]


See other pages where Oxidation of Isopropyl Alcohol is mentioned: [Pg.94]    [Pg.531]    [Pg.220]    [Pg.172]    [Pg.221]    [Pg.215]    [Pg.48]    [Pg.116]    [Pg.221]    [Pg.323]    [Pg.203]    [Pg.304]    [Pg.94]    [Pg.89]    [Pg.94]    [Pg.140]    [Pg.1361]   


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Isopropyl alcohol

Of isopropyl alcohol

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