Ovomucoid

Ovomucoid is the name given to the material precipitated by alcohol 

It was found possible to saponify ovomucoid with sodium hydroxide and to methylate simultaneously with methyl sulfate, the carbohydrate residue thereby forming an N-acetyl methyl derivative. Hydrolysis of this material yielded N-acetyl-3,4,6-trimethyl-D-gluco8amine (7 moles) (LIV), D-mannopyranose (2 moles) (LV), 3,4,6-trimethyl-D-mannopy-ranose (1 mole) (LVI), and tetramethyl-D-galactopyranose (1 mole) (LVII). 

From the identification of these products it was possible to give a means of portraying the type of structure (LVIII) present in the carbohydrate molecule. In this, by glycosidic attachment, seven N-acetyl-D-giucosamine units and one D-galactose unit radiate from a central core of three D-mannose units. It is not yet clear by what linkages the d-mannose units are mutually attached, or to which D-mannose the d-galactose residue is linked. 

Ovomucoid was isolated originally by Momer (1) from egg white by precipitation with weakly acidic alcohol after heat coagulation of other proteins. More recent isolation methods are based on fractionation with 

It appeared to be homogenous in the ultracentrifuge (97) but was shown to be heterogeneous when subjected to electrophoretic analysis (97, 98). 

Ovomucoid is quite resistant to tryptic digestion. In fact, each of the three electrophoretic components exhibits pronounced antitryptic activity (97). 

Upon methylation and hydrolysis, the polysaccharide obtained after the action of trypsin on ovomucoid yielded A -acetyl-3,4,6-tri-0-methyl-D-glucosamine (7 moles), D-mannose (2 moles), 3,4,6-tri-O-methyl-D-man-nopyranose (1 mole), and tetra-O-methyl-D-galactopyranose (1 mole). If correct, these results indicate a highly branched structure with every hydroxyl of some of the mannose units being substituted by a ring or glycosyl units (96). 

Conalbumin and serum transferrin are identical in the chicken. This protein, unlike ovalbumin, is not denatured at the interphase but coagulates at lower temperatures. Conalbumin consists of one peptide chain and contains one oligosaccharide unit made of four mannose and eight N-acetyl-glucosamine residues. 

Binding of metal ions (2 moles Mn +, Fe +, Cu + or Zn2+ per mole of protein) at pH 6 or above is a characteristic property of conalbumin. Table 11.6 lists the absorption maxima of several complexes. The occasional red discoloration of egg products during processing originates from a conalbumin-iron complex. The complex is fully dissociated at a pH less than 4. Tyrosine and 

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Ovoflavoprotein Ovoglycoprotein Ovoinhibitor Ovomacroglobulin Ovomucin Ovomucoid Ovotransferrin 150-Water Oxacephems Oxacillin [66-79-5]... 

Proteias, amino acids bonded through peptide linkages to form macromolecular biopolymers, used as chiral stationary phases for hplc iaclude bovine and human semm albumin, a -acid glycoproteia, ovomucoid, avidin, and ceUobiohydrolase. The bovine semm albumin column is marketed under the name Resolvosil and can be obtained from Phenomenex. The human semm albumin column can be obtained from Alltech Associates, Advanced Separation Technologies, Inc., and J. T. Baker. The a -acid glycoproteia and ceUobiohydrolase can be obtained from Advanced Separation Technologies, Inc. or J. T. Baker, Inc. 

Fujinaga, M., et al. Crystal and molecular structures of the complex of a-chymotrypsin with its inhibitor turkey ovomucoid third domain at 1.8 A resolution. 

Proteins (BSA or ovomucoid, OVM) have also been successful in the preparative resolution of enantiomers by liquid-liquid extraction, either between aqueous and lipophilic phases [181] or in aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) [123, 180]. The resolution of d,l-kynurenine [180] and ofloxacin and carvediol [123] were performed using a countercurrent extraction process with eight separatory funnels. The significant number of stages needed for these complete resolutions in the mentioned references and others [123, 180, 189], can be overcome with more efficient techniques. Thus, the resolution of d,l-kynurenine performed by Sellergren et al. in 1988 by extraction experiments was improved with CCC technologies 10 years later [128]. 

Ultron ES-OVM ovomucoid-conjugated bonded to aminopropyl-silica. 

Some of the multibranched complex glycans of hen ovomucoid have been analyzed by f.a.b.-m.s. together with e.i.-m.s. These glycans exhibit exceptional structural features, because their mannotriose core can be highly substituted, as shown in 25. All samples gave abundant [M+Na]" ions when analyzed as their permethylated alditols, and this permitted the... 

Morinaga FASPEK Egg Western Blot Kit (ovomucoid) Morinaga Inshtute of Biological Sciences Co. Ovomucoid 38,000... 

The discrete protonation states methods have been tested in pKa calculations for several small molecules and peptides, including succinic acid [4, 25], acetic acid [93], a heptapeptide derived from ovomucoid third domain [27], and decalysine [61], However, these methods have sofar been tested on only one protein, the hen egg lysozyme [16, 61, 71], While the method using explicit solvent for both MD and MC sampling did not give quantitative agreement with experiment due to convergence difficulty [16], the results using a GB model [71] and the mixed PB/explicit... 

Dlugosz M, Antosiewicz JM, Robertson AD (2004) Constant-pH molecular dynamics study of protonation-structure relationship in a heptapeptide derived from ovomucoid third domain. Phys RevE 69 021915. 

D-Galactose H HO HO H HOH2 C—C—C—C—C—CHO HO H H HO widespread in plants lactose ovomucoid cerebrosides albumin gland of snail frog and toad spawn beef lung... 

D-Mannose H H HO HO HOH2 C—C—C—C—C—CHO HO HO H H ovomucoid ivory nuts salep mucilage hemicelluloses seeds of Leguminosae and Lilium Mycobacterium tuberculosis yeasts... 

Encapsulation within an enteric coat (resistant to low pH values) protects the product during stomach transit. Microcapsules/spheres utilized have been made from various polymeric substances, including cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethylacrylates and polystyrene. Delivery systems based upon the use of liposomes and cyclodextrin-protective coats have also been developed. Included in some such systems also are protease inhibitors, such as aprotinin and ovomucoids. Permeation enhancers employed are usually detergent-based substances, which can enhance absorption through the gastrointestinal lining. 

Analysis was performed on an ES-Ovomucoid column for stereoselectivity assessment, and for MS/MS, an X-Terra MS C18 column (2.1 x 100mm, 5 fan) was used. Figure 1.17 shows the wash and elution fractions from the SPE in a 384-well plate. The SPE conditions evaluated are listed in the table below the figure. The binding of the drug to the affinity sorbent in a 96-well plate was less efficient than the 384-well plate because the sorbent formed a disk on the former and a column on the latter. The efficiency is reflected in the >95% recoveries achieved with the 384-well format. 

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