Ovarian cancer pathology

The three major pathologic categories of ovarian tumors include sex-cord stromal, germ cell, and epithelial. About 85% to 90% of ovarian cancers are of epithelial origin. 

The duration of consolidative chemotherapy has been evaluated in several studies. In advanced ovarian cancer, the administration of five cycles of cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and doxorubicin was equally effective and less toxic as compared to 10 cycles of chemotherapy. Six to nine cycles of chemotherapy has become the standard approach and results in clinical response rates of approximately 60% to 70%, with 5-year survival rates of 10% to 20%. Because approximately 50% of patients with a confirmed pathologic response will ultimately relapse, chemotherapy may be extended for two or three cycles beyond best response. ... 

Fig. 9.31. Collision tumor of the ovary. CT at the level of the mid pelvis in a 65-year-old woman with sonographically suspected ovarian cancer. A cystic right adnexal mass is demonstrated showing multiple thin septa-tions and a 3-cm lesion with fat density and mural calcifications (asterisk). Pathologically, a collision tumor composed of a benign mucinous cystadenoma and a benign dermoid was diagnosed...

Bevacizumab has been studied in advanced carcinoid tumors [167 ], prostate cancer [168 ], high-risk corneal transplantation [169 ], diabetic retinopathy [170 , 171, 172 ], ischemic retinal diseases [173 ], refractory choroidal neovascularization secondary to uveitis [174 ], macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion [175 ], retinal angiomatous proliferation [176% choroidal neovascularization attributable to pathological myopia [177, 178], exudative age-related macular degeneration [179 ], multifocal lymphangioendothe-liomatosis with thrombocytopenia [180" ], in combination with chemotherapy for the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer [181 j, advanced melanoma [182 ], malignant pleural mesothelioma [183 ],... 

Angelopoulou K, Rosen B, Stratis M, et al. Circulating antibodies against p53 protein in patients with ovarian carcinoma. Correlation with clinico-pathologic features and survival. Cancer 1996 78 146-52. 

Because medical conditions, emotional/behavioral symptoms, and physiologic indices change during the premenstrual and per-imenopause phases, it is important to rule out other disorders that may contribute to mood fluctuations or pain syndromes (Table 78-2). For example, dysmenorrhea may be primary, which occurs during ovulatory cycles, or secondary, which relates to pelvic pathology (e.g., infection caused by the placement of intrauterine devices, endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, ovarian cyst, endometrial cancer, adhesions, and benign uterine tumors). 

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