Other Perchlorate-Based Complexes

The structure of the parent material in this study—due to its uniqueness with respect to its inequivalent chloride ions both as coordinated and lattice chlorides—represents yet still another example of a solid state copper imidazole material. Others include copper(II) perchlorate salts complexed with amines [10] and copper(I) imidazole complexes based on a cavitand ligand design [11], Copper(I) imidazole complexes have been... 

Numerous explosives are based on hydrazine and its derivatives, including the simple azide, nitrate, perchlorate, and diperchlorate salts. These are sometimes dissolved in anhydrous hydrazine for propeUant appUcations or in mixtures with other explosives (207). Hydrazine transition-metal complexes of nitrates, azides, and perchlorates are primary explosives (208). 

One possible strategy in the development of low-overpotential methods for the electroreduction of C02 is to employ a catalyst in solution in the electrochemical cell, A few systems are known that employ homogeneous catalysts and these are based primarily on transition metal complexes. A particularly efficient catalyst is (Bipy)Re[CO]3Cl, where Bipy is 2,2 bipyridine, which was first reported as such by Hawecker et al. in 1983. In fact, this first report concerned the photochemical reduction of C02 to CO. However, they reasoned correctly that the complex should also be capable of catalysing the electrochemical reduction reaction. In 1984, the same authors reported that (Bipy)Re[C013CI catalysed the reduction of C02 to CO in DMF/water/ tetraalkylammonium chloride or perchlorate with an average current efficiency of >90% at —1.25 V vs. NHE (c. —1.5V vs. SCE). The product analysis was performed by gas chromatography and 13C nmr and showed no other products. 

The exact mechanism of the reaction between CIO 4 and superacids has as yet not been established, although numerous comments on it were published 19, 21,167, 2S3, 292, 297). Based on our present understanding of superacid chemistry 67, 118, 216) and of the complex formation of FClOs (see Section III, K, 4), a mechanism involving CIOs " as an intermediate is very unlikely. Furthermore, the high yields of FCIO3 (up to 97%) would be surprising in view of the expected instability of ClOs". In our opinion, other mechanisms, such as the one shown, involving protonated perchloric acid 166) are more plausible ... 

The couple Li/CuSOi, with ED = 1060 Wh/kg and emf of 3.41V, has been studied with the aim of designing a SB with electrolyte based on the sulfates and perchlorates of tetraammonium complexes in PC and methyl sulfate. Howeyer, Li reduces the solyent (42), and other more stable solutions are needed. 

In addition, a few other publications also address this issue of ballistic modification of composite propellants. The cobalt, nickel and zinc hexammine perchlorates have been studied by Gurdip Singh and coworkers for this purpose. The generated data indicate that cobalt complex accelerates burn rate three-fold when used at 2% level in HTPB-AP-based composite propellant [277]. Another study on transition metals (copper, iron, cobalt and nickel) salts of NTO as BRMs for HTPB-AP-based... 

Adducts of triazoles with transition metal salts are usually prepared by direct reactions between the two components involved and frequently precipitate or crystallize spontaneously from the reaction mixture (55,172,194, 202). Complexes containing triazolate anions can usually be obtained from the corresponding transition metal halide, carboxylate, nitrate, or perchlorate complex and an alkali metal (146, 147, 172) or thallium(I) triazolate salt (33). Other routes to triazolate complexes include the direct reactions of metal halides with triazoles in the presence of a base (201) and the treatment of triazole/metal halide... 

Aakeroy et al. were also able to prepare building blocks based upon Ag(I) centres coordinated in a trigonal planar manner by three isonicotinamide ligands. The isostructural perchlorate and tetrafluoroborate salts of these cationic complexes involve amide-amide hydrogen-bonded links from each cation to six others, resulting in 3D interpenetrated networks that resemble the network found in a-ThSi [53]. 

---