Organo antimony

Bertine and Lee [60] have described hydride generation techniques for determining total antimony, Sb (V), Sb (III), Sb-S species and organo-antimony species in frozen seawater samples. 

Mixed organo antimony ligands with one or two electronegative groups have been only rarely used in transition metal chemistry. The resulting complexes belong to type 3 or 4 with -Sb coordination (Scheme 2). 

Chemical isomer shifts for several aryl organo-antimony compounds [25 are particularly interesting in that there is only a small shift between Sb(III) and Sb(V) compounds, and all are intermediate between typical inorganic compounds of these states (Fig. 15.11). Many of the compounds for which no quadrupole splitting is quoted in Table 15.1 show an asymmetric resonance, but no analysis has been attempted. 

Figure 10 Structures of selected (organo)antimony compounds F10-1 potassium antimonate F10-2 potassium antimony tartrate (PAT). Compounds FI 0-1 and FI 0-2 have been wideiy used as inorganic antimony substrates in biomethyiation studies. Some possible produots (FI 0-3-F10-5) arise from oxidation of biogenicaiiy produced trimethyistibine (MesSb). Based on Craig, P. J. Forster, S. A. Jenkins, R. O. Lawson, G. Miller, D. Ostah, U.Appl. Organomet Chem. 2001, 15, 527-532.

Breunig, H. Althaus, H. Ring and chain systems in structures of organo antimony(III) and bismuth(III) halides. Phosphorus Sulfur 2001, 168. 123. 

Figure 22 summarizes the exact S values of a selection of Sb(III) and Sb(V) inorganic compounds (right side) and organo-antimony compounds (V and III) [27]. The bars can be treated as useful tools for characterization of Sb Mossbauer spectra. 

The interest in the elaboration of oxirans to cyclic carbonates is exemplified by three papers which have appeared this year. The conversion of (106) -> (107) is well known using elevated temperatures and pressures. Various catalysts have been employed and the range has been extended to include pentavalent organo-antimony compounds. " Good yields under much milder conditions have been achieved using a metal halide and a Lewis-base catalyst. The cyclic carbonate... 

There has been a revival of interest in recent years in antimony mercaptides as alternatives to the organo-tin stabilisers. This stems from the low level of toxicity and the strong synergism with calcium stearate. However, compared to the... 

The structural chemistry of some metal dithiocarbamates, i.e. systematics, coordination modes, crystal packing, and supramolecular self-assembly patterns of nickel, zinc, cadmium, mercury,363 organotin,364 and tellurium,365 366 complexes has been thoroughly analyzed and discussed in detail. Supramolecular self-assembly frequently occurs in non-transition heavier soft metal dithiocarbamates. Thus, lead(II),367 bismuth(III)368 zinc,369 cadmium,370 and (organo)mercury371 dithiocarbamates are associated through M- S secondary bonds, to form either dimeric supermolecules or chain-like supramolecular arrays. The arsenic(III)372 and antimony(III)373 dithiocarbamates are... 

Reactions of organoxenonium salts [RXe][EFn+)] with Lewis acids do not result in transformation of the organo group of the cation [RXe]+ (6), but rather give rise to fluoride abstraction from the counteranion [EFn+i]. For example, organoxenonium fluoroborates were converted into [EF6]" salts by using arsenic or antimony pentafluoride or their adducts, EFj L (eqs 9, 10) (22, 30). 

Bromine is often preferred as a FR source and, considering that most organo-bromine compounds are only 40-70 wt% bromine and that antimony trioxide is used in blends, FR-PBT blends may contain from 10 to 25 wt% FR additives. This high level of additives will have an effect on the melt processability, density and mechanical properties of the blend. 

Almost all FR-PBT blends contain an organo-halogen agent, an antimony synergist and a fluoropolymer anti-drip component. These three ingredients, as well as the overall fuel content of the blend, are balanced to formulate FR-PBT products. 

The organobismuth compounds ate derived om the types AsCl, AiOHo SbOl, GniCl ... 

Introduction of Fluorine with Organo-Substituted Antimony Fluorides (PhnSbF5 n, n = 1-3)... 

The presence of zeolite catalysts increases the amount of gaseous hydrocarbons produced during pyrolysis but decreases the amount of pyrolysis oil. Further, significant quantities of coke were formed on the surface of the catalysts in the course of pyrolysis. The catalysts reduced the yield of e.g., as styrene and cumene, in favor of naphthalene. The zeolite catalysts, especially Y-Zeolite, were found to be very effective in removing volatile organo bromine compounds. However, they were less effective in removing antimony bromide from the highly volatile products of pyrolysis (133). 

Some oxygen-containing heteroelement compounds, in which other elements are not coordinatively active, could be attributed to O-ligands. This group includes in particular nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony organo-oxides [1,3,11,112], The most studies amongst them are phosphine oxides, on whose basis complexes, with structure 295, of practically all metals have been obtained [1, vol.2 3] ... 

Arsenic, antimony, and bismuth are the metallic representatives among the fifth main-group elements. Owing to early chemotherapeutic applications a tremendous number of organo-metal derivatives has been prepared, especially of arsenic. 

Reactions of organo tellurium trichlorides with antimony pentachloridc produce moisture sensitive 1 1 adducts that have been formulated as ion pairs7. 

Antimony forms nnmerons stable pentavalent organo-metallic componnds among these are penta alkyls and aryls, mixed organohalides, and varions chalcogen and nitrogen derivatives. 

Antimony Organometalhc Chemistry Arsenic Organo-arsenic Chemistry Bismuth Inorganic Chemistry. 

Thermochemistry of organo-arsenic, antimony and bismuth compounds 153... 

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