Organisms Saccharomyces cerevisiae

A collaboration of scientists reported sequencing of the complete genome of a complex organism. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, otherwise, known as baker s yeast. The achievement marked the complete sequencing of the largest genome to date more than 12 million base pairs of DNA. I... 

Reduction of the 17-ketone to 17/3-hydroxyl has been demonstrated with a wide variety of substrates and organisms. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a very convenient and reliable reducing culture for this reaction. Reduction to 17a-hydroxyl has been reported only once in the special case of 16,16-difluoro-17-ketosteroids (R-774), discussed in the mechanism section. 

Alcoholic Fermentation. Certain types of starchy biomass such as com and high sugar crops are readily converted to ethanol under anaerobic fermentation conditions ia the presence of specific yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisia and other organisms (Fig. 6). However, alcohoHc fermentation of other types of biomass, such as wood and municipal wastes that contain high concentrations of cellulose, can be performed ia high yield only after the ceUulosics are converted to sugar concentrates by acid- or enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis ... 

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is well characterized biochemically and genetically and was the organism of choice for most of the eady experiments. However, heterologous expression seems to be better in some of the industrial strains of yeasts such as Pichiapastoris Hansenulapolymorpha Kluyveromyces lactis and Yarrowia lipolytica (25—28). 

When a photosynthetic organism is omitted, the addition of a photosensitizer is necessary. The methods use light energy to promote the transfer of an electron from a photosensitizer to NAD(P) via an electron transport reagent [6g]. Recently, carbon dioxide cvas reduced to formic acid with FDH from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the presence of methylviologen (MV ) as a mediator, zinc tetrakis(4-methylpyridyl) porphyrin (ZnTMPyP) as a photosensitizer, and triethanolamine (TEOA) as a hydrogen source (Figure 8.8) [6h]. 

Eukaryotic organisms Fungi Saccharomyces cerevisiae D7 Gene conversion Kochetal. 1988 ... 

It was tempting to base the study of membrane transport in eukaryotic cells on similar simple principles. For this purpose, as well as for molecular biology as a whole, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae appeared to be the best suited organism. From early times on, this yeast has occupied a privileged place for mankind. Due to... 

From a genetical point of view, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an ideal organism which may be considered the Escherichia coli of eukaryotic cells [4,5]. This is true in particular for the study of metabolic regulation and for that of membrane transport [6]. Finally, the astonishing resemblance between many yeast proteins and certain mammalian-cell proteins has seriously broadened the scope of interest. Although a few reports have appeared on amino acid transport in some other yeasts, most investigations in this field have used strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 

The enantiomeric reduction of 2-nitro-l-phenylprop-l-ene has been studied in a range of Gram-positive organisms including strains of Rhodococcus rhodochrous (Sakai et al. 1985). The enantiomeric purity of the product depended on the strain used, the length of cultivation, and the maintenance of a low pH that is consistent with the later results of Meah and Massey (2000). It has been shown that an NADPH-linked reduction of a,p-unsaturated nitro compounds may also be accomplished by old yellow enzyme via the flcf-nitro form (Meah and Massey 2000). This is formally analogous to the reduction and dismutation of cyclic enones by the same enzyme (Vaz et al. 1995), and the reductive fission of nitrate esters by an enzyme homologous to the old yellow enzyme from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Snape et al. 1997). 

Friberg, A., Johanson, T., Franzen, J. etal. (2006) Efficient bioreduction of bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-2,5-dione and bicyclo[2.2.2]oct-7-ene-2,5-dione by genetically engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Organic and Biomo-... 

From this group of microorganisms, so far only Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been transformed to a poly(3HB) accumulating organism by expressing solely phflCRe in the cytoplasm ([137], Table 4). In contrast to E. coli and plants, which synthesize poly(3HB) only if a /3-ketothiolase and an acetoacetyl-CoA reductase... 

There are numerous protocols for polysomal gradients preparations that differ mainly at the step for harvesting the cells, and the gradient composition and separation times. The protocol presented later was optimized for isolation of polysomal mRNA from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yet many steps will be similar to other eukaryotes and the procedure can easily be modified for other organisms. We will use this protocol as a template on which we will indicate and highlight points that are critical for the microarray analysis. Generally, the RNA isolated by this protocol can be used for analysis by DNA microarray, Northern blot, or RT-PCR. 

The advent of recombinant DNA technology has rendered possible the large-scale production of polypeptides normally present on the surface of virtually any pathogen. These polypeptides, when purified from the producer organism (e.g. E. coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) can then be used as subunit vaccines. This method of vaccine production exhibits several advantages over conventional vaccine production methodologies. These include ... 

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