Organics, subsurface migration

Solution porosity refers to voids formed by the solution of the more soluble portions of the rock in the presence of subsurface migrating (or surface percolating) waters containing carbonic and other organic acids. Solution porosity is also called vugularporosity where individual holes are called vugs. 

Role of Organics in the Subsurface Migration of Radionuclides in Groundwater... 

HIOC) An organic compound that is capable of ionizing, depending upon the solution pH. Upon ionization the properties of the molecule change and its sorption and subsurface migration (in the environment) vary accordingly. 

The physical transport of dissolved organic compounds through the subsurface occurs by three processes advection, hydrodynamic dispersion, and molecular diffusion. Together, these three cause the spread of dissolved chemicals into the familiar plume distribution. Advection is the most important dissolved chemical migration process active in the subsurface, and reflects the migration of dissolved chemicals... 

Subsurface organisms and organic residues also may affect vertical migration of contaminants. In a laboratory experiment by Tengen et al. (1991), the influence of microbial activity on the migration of Cs+ and the effect of organic matter residue on Cs+ retention were illustrated. These experiments were performed to understand... 

The Ecolotree buffer uses phytoremediation, or plant processes, for environmental remediation purposes. Ecolotree buffers can be used to reduce the migration of subsurface water and surface runoff, while also acting as an in situ remediation technique for both organic and heavy-metal contaminants, including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) chlorinated solvents ammunition wastes and excess nutrients in soil or water. The technology is commercially available and has been used at landfill and waste treatment sites. 

Electric fields use in soil restoration has been focused on contaminant extraction by their transport under electroosmosis and ionic migration. Contaminant extraction by electric fields is a successful technique for removal of ionic or mobile contaminants in the subsurface. However, this technique might not be effective in treatment of soils contaminated with immobile and/or trapped organics, such as dense non aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). For such organics, it is possible to use electric fields to stimulate in situ biodegradation under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions. It is necessary to evaluate the impact of dc electric fields on the biogeochemical interactions prior to application of the technique. It is not clear yet how dc electric fields will impact microbial adhesion and transport in the subsurface. Further, the effect of dc fields on the activity of microorganisms in a soil matrix is not yet well understood. 

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