Organic molecules selective oxidation

Ruthenium catalysts found many applications in C-C bond formation reactions (selected reviews [157-161]). Ruthenium occurs mostly in oxidation states +2 and +3, but lower as well as higher oxidation states can easily be reached. Thus ruthenium compounds are frequently used in oxidative transformations proceeding by either single or two electron transfer pathways (selected reviews [162-164]). It has long been known that ruthenium complexes can be used for the photoactivation of organic molecules (selected reviews [165, 166]). Ruthenium complexes are applied as catalysts in controlled or living radical polymerizations [167-169]. 

The most selective methods for cleaving organic molecules at carbon-carbon double bonds involve glycols as intermediates. Oxidations of alkenes to glycols was discussed in Section 12.2.1. Cleavage of alkenes can be carried out in one operation under mild conditions by using a solution containing periodate ion and a catalytic... 

Compared with ketoreductases, the synthetic application of alcohol oxidases has been less explored. However, selective oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes is superior to the chemical methods in terms of conversion yields, selectivity, and environmental friendliness of reaction conditions. In addition, coupling of alcohol oxidase with other enzymes provides a tremendous opportunity to develop multi-enzyme processes for the production of complex molecules. Therefore, a growing impact of alcohol oxidases on synthetic organic chemistry is expected in the coming years. 

Selective Oxidation-Dehydrogenation and Oxygenation of Organic Molecules Spencer, James, T., Chemical Vapor Deposition of Metal-Containing Thin-Film 40 291... 

CO2 production time series, 39 88 equation structure, 39 87-88 Kurtanjek s mechanism, 39 91 oxide models, 39 89-92 subsurface oxygen model, 39 90-91 selective, 30 136-137 small organic molecules, chemical identity of adsorbed intermediates, 38 21 states... 

The anodic oxidation of nitrogen compounds provides an excellent example of how the use of electrochemistry can alter the way in which we view the syntheses of complex organic molecules. Currently, there are two main thrusts to these efforts. First, the oxidation reactions allow for a reversal in the polarity of known functional groups, and therefore molecules with nucleophilic nitrogens can he converted into electrophiles. Second, the oxidation reactions allow for the selective... 

Abstract Palladium-catalyzed oxidation reactions are among the most diverse methods available for the selective oxidation of organic molecules, and benzoquinone is one of the most widely used terminal oxidants for these reactions. Over the past decade, however, numerous reactions have been reported that utilize molecular oxygen as the sole oxidant. This chapter outlines the fundamental reactivity of benzoquinone and molecular oxygen with palladium(O) and their catalyst reoxidation mechanisms. The chemical similarities... 

The isolation of the allomonal factor of L. hlrsutum was relatively straightforward and unremarkable as this factor was typical of many organic molecules in its solubility properties and was not apparently prone to thermal, photolytic or oxidative degradation. The biologically active principle could be removed from the leaf surface with a chloroform wash and could be selectively removed from unwanted pigments and waxes by redlssolvlng... 

The selective oxidation of a single primary or secondary hydroxyl group within the same molecule has been a challenging problem for synthetic organic chemists. Many oxidizing reagents are known to promote selective oxidation of secondary... 

---