Organic matter removed

Zinc sorbed in the untreated soil after desorption was less than that in the soil with organic matter removed (Kingery et al., 1999). This shows that the Zn maintained in the soil solid phase after desorption was proportional to Zn adsorption of the soil solid-phase. A strong hysteresis between Zn desorption and Zn adsorption curves was found in the untreated and treated soils. This indicates that some sorbed Zn is in the nonexchangeable form and on the specific adsorption sites on soil solid-phase components. 

The distribution of 5 C-values with water depth is mainly controlled by biological processes Conversion of CO2 into organic matter removes C resulting in a C enrichment of the residual DIG. In turn, the oxidation of organic matter releases C-enriched carbon back into the inorganic reservoir, which results into a depth-dependent isotope profile. A typical example is shown in Fig. 3.21. 

Bose, P., and Reckhow, D. A. (2007). The effect of ozonation on natural organic matter removal by alum coagulation. Water Res. 41,1516-1524. 

Rico B, Perez D, Lema JM, Lucas T. Organic matter removal in boiler feed water treatment of a power plant with ozone. Ozone Sci Eng 1997 19 471 180. 

Schafer, A. I., A. G. Fane, and T. D. Waite, "Nanofiltration of Natural Organic Matter Removal, Fouling, and the Influence of Multivalent Ions," Desalination, 118 (1998). 

Gregor, J. E., C. J. Nokes, and E. Eenton (1997). Optimising natural organic matter removal from low turbidity waters by controlled pH adjustment of aluminium coagulation. 

On the basis of the total amount of organic matter removed during the process, it was found that the activated carbon had adsorbed well above its adsorption capacity (Table 2). Tbe total amount of the adsorbed organic matter was determined as the difference of the integrals for the surface under the curves showing dependence of the organic matter concentration in the influent, respectively, and the volume of the wastewater passed through the system. 

This is a modification of the known Eckenfelder s equation for biofiltration. The application of this equation is justified provided that the hiofilm is most responsible for both the organic matter removal and denitrification. 

Del Pozo, R. and Diez, V. (2003). Organic matter removal in combined anaerobic-aerobic fixed-film bioreactors. Water Res. 37, 3561. 

Mikutta, R., Kleber, M., Kaiser, K., and Jahn, R. (2005). Review Organic matter removal from soils using hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, and disodium peroxodisul-fate. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 69, 120-135. 

Staunton, S., Malfere, J. L., and D Acqui, L. P. (2000). Effect of various techniques of organic matter removal on adsorption of caesium by soils. Proc. 10th International Conference IHSS, Vol. 2, 565-568. 

A. 1. Omoike, G.W. Vanloon, Removal of phosphorous and organic matter removal by alum during wastewater treatemnt, Wat. Res. 33 (1999) 3617. 

Chang Y., Benjamin M.M, (1995), A combined iron oxide adsorption and ultrafiltration process for natural organic matter removal and fouling control, Proc. AWWA Annual Conference, Anaheim, 0, 657-666. 

Desalination, 118, Schafer, A.L Fane, A.G. Waite, T.D., Nanofiltration of Natural Organic Matter Removal, Fouling and the Influence of Multivalent Ions, 109-122, copyright 1998, with permission from Elsevier Science ... 

Tan Y., Kilduff J.E. Factors affecting selectivity during dissolved organic matter removal by anion-exchange resins. Water Research 2007 41(18) 4211-4221. 

Ground and surface water applications include water softening [115], water disinfection by-product removal [116], natural organic matter removal [116-117], pesticide removal [118], and removal of a wide range of other pollutants [119]. Nanofiltration also can be used to remove microorganisms and viruses [120-121]. Such applications do not require the low molecular weight selectivity of reverse osmosis and are well suited for low-pressure nanofiltration. 

Bolto, B. Dixon, D. Eldridge, R. King, S. (2001). Cationic polymer and clay or metal oxide combinations for natural organic matter removal. Water Research.Vol. 35, p. 2669-2676. 

Raychev, T., Jozefaciuk, G and Sokolowska, Z. (2003). Effect of organic matter removal on fractal dimension of soil clay fraction. Bulg. J. Ecol. ScL, 11, 73-74. 

Schafer, A.I., Fane, A.G. and Waite, T.D. 1998. Nanofiltration of natural organic matter Removal, fouling and influence of multivalent ions, 118 109-122. 

An MEC has also been applied to treat domestic and industrial (winery and swine) wastewaters. Swine wastewater with a COD of 12-17 gl was treated with COD removal efficiencies ranging from 19 15 to 72 4%, with hydrogen recoveries of 17 7 to 28 d= 6% based on COD removal [147]. Organic matter removal efficiency and energy recovery were higher for MFC- than MEC-treated winery and domestic wastewaters. The energy recovery for winery wastewater in MFCs was 0.26 kWh kg COD compared with —0.32 kWh kg COD for MFCs. Hydrogen production costs of winery and domestic wastewaters with as MEC were determined as 4.51 kg H2 for winery wastewater and 3.01 kg H2 for... 

Biological treatment tank Dispersion of particles pH of the ash Bacteria death due to acidification followed by absence of organic matter removal White et al. 1980... 

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