Organic light emitting diodes and solar cells

2 Organic light emitting diodes and solar cells 

and (c) characteristics of the device illustrated in (b) (Reproduced with permission of the American Institute of Physics from Weaver et al., 2002). 

Considerable control can be exercised over the wavelength of the emitted radiation by using guest-host emitters where a dye with longer wavelength emission is incorporated in the emitter layer. If the absorption band of the dye overlaps the emission of the host then efficient energy transfer can occur from 

Examples of polymers incorporating non-linear optical moieties in their chemical structure have been described in Section 3.7.2 and shown in Fig. 3.24, 

The operating frequency of polymer integrated optical modulators has been increasing steadily from a few tens of GHz to over 100 GHz while operating 

---

Lo SC, Burn PL (2007) Development of dendrimers macromolecules for use in organic light-emitting diodes and solar cells. Chem Rev 107(4) 1097-1116... 

Heterocycle-based dendrimers for use in organic light-emitting diodes and solar cells 07CRV1097. 

Poly-(acetylene)s are widely used in different fields, such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDS), solar cells, and lasers.135 Synthesis... 

The number of organic materials is of great interest in microelectronic and optoelectronic devices [1], In particular, the conjugated polymers, such as ladder-type methyl substituted poly-para-phenylene (Me-LPPP) and poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-l,4-phenylene vinilene] (MEH-PPV) and their nanocomposites, have been widely investigated due to their perspectives in light-emitting diodes and solar cells [2—4]. 

Recently ionic liquid-based liquid crystalline materials have been developed as a new family of anisotropic (one or two dimensional) electrolytes [8, 26-29]. Ionic liquids are isotropic organic liquids composed entirely of ions [30-34]. They have advantages for applications as nonvolatile liquid electrolytes in a variety of electrochemical devices such as lithium ion batteries, capacitors, dye-sensitized solar cells, organic light-emitting diodes, and actuators. 

In addition to the thin-film solar cells, this system is suitable for use in other flexible electronics, such as a flexible, transparent, and light-weight encapsulation of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays and lighting. 

---