Organic compounds containing nitrogen atoms

The broken bonds (boldface=dissociated group) BDEs (boldface = recommended data reference in parentheses) Methods (reference in parentheses)  

3-Butenenitrile C2H3-CH2CN 110.4 + 2 461.9 + 8.4 Derived from A(H° in ref. 2002CRC 

Pentanenitrile nC3H7—CH2CN 81.7+3 341.8 + 12.6 Derived from AfH° in ref. 1986PED/NAY 

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Low GKC, Me Evoy SR, Matthews RW. Formation of nitrate and ammonium ions in titanium dioxide mediated photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds containing nitrogen atoms. Environ Sci Technol 1991 25 460-467. 

Table 4,5,2 C-C BDEs in Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen Atom(s)...

Organic compounds containing halogen atoms attached to the nitrogen. A large number of such compounds were prepd by treating amines with1 hypochlorites. Some of these compounds are explosive ... 

PROP A large group of organic compounds containing nitrogen and considered as derived from ammonia (NH3) by replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by an organic radical. See also specific compounds. 

Detection of halogens. Very few organic compounds contain halogen atoms which form halide ions in aqueous solutions and so can be detected by the addition of silver ion. It is necessary, therefore, to convert the organic halogen to a metallic halide by fusion with metallic sodium or calcium oxide. By such decomposition nitrogen and sulfur, if present, form ions which can be detected by the usual methods of qualitative inorganic analysis. 

Another class of organic compounds contains nitrogen. Amines contain nitrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms in afiphafic chains or aromatic rings and have the general formula RNH2. 

Palladium will form complexes with the great majority of organic compounds containing nitrogen donor atoms. Some representative Pd-N complexes containing mono- and bidentate nitrogen ligands are summarized in Table 5. 

If an organic compound contains an atom with an unshared electron pair, it is a potential base. We saw in Section 3.5C that compounds with an unshared electron pair on a nitrogen atom (i.e., amines) act as bases. Let us now consider several examples in which organic compounds having an unshared electron pair on an oxygen atom act in the same way. 

When an organic compound containing nitrogen, sulfur, or halide atoms is fused with sodium metal, there is a reductive decomposition of the compound, which converts these atoms to the sodium salts of the inorganic ions CN, S , and X . 

The thermionic detector (TID), also known as the nitrogen-phosphorous detector (NPD), is based on the phenomenon that a metal anode emits positive ions when heated in a gas. It is a commonly used gas chromatographic detector for the selective determination of organic compounds containing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) atoms. These include the detection of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and environmental pollutants. The detector would appear to function as the FID however, its operation is based on a completely different principle. 

There are a total of eighteen different hydrocarbon series, of which the most common constituents of crude oil have been presented - the alkanes, cycloalkanes, and the arenes. The more recent classifications of hydrocarbons are based on a division of the hydrocarbons in three main groups alkanes, naphthanes and aromatics, along with the organic compounds containing the non-hydrocarbon atoms of sulphur, nitrogen and oxygen. 

Alcohols, like most organic compounds containing oxygen or nitrogen, cire soluble in concentrated sulfuric acid because the acid protonates the oxygen atom, as illustrated in Figure 3-5. 

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