Organic chemicals syntheses

As biotechnology, however, cannot replace all multi-step chemical process routes, nature-inspired organic chemical syntheses have to be developed, too. Therefore, for the next generation of organic synthesis, it is the challenge to ... 

Uses. Organic chemical syntheses conversion of higher acids into their anhydrides for acetylation in the manufacture of cellulose acetate and aspirin... 

Nuclear synthesis is similar in some ways to inorganic or organic chemical syntheses with the synthetic chemist or physicist having to understand the reactions involved and the structure and stability of the intermediate species. While, in principle, the outcome of any synthesis reaction is calculable in practice such calculations are, for the most part, very difficult. Instead, the cleverness of the scientists involved, their manipulative skills, and the instrumentation available for their use often determine the success of many synthetic efforts. 

Products/technologies The company sells the CombiTec parallel synthesis system, an organic chemical synthesizer that includes a robotic sample processor, and reaction blocks of 8-56 chambers. Other products include the TRAC system for high-throughput screening with more than 100 microplates the GENESIS Series Robotic Sample Processor (RSP) fully automated microplate-based systems and the Cavro RSP 9000 Robotic Sample Processor (XYZ module). 

The manufacture of pharmaceutical chemicals in some ways resembles a scaled-up version of the organic chemical syntheses carried out in the laboratory and, in others, a scaled down version of the processes used in the heavy chemicals industry. The heavy chemicals industry manufactures commodity chemicals that are largely undifferentiated and have to be sold at the ruling market price. The individual company, having little control over prices, is therefore preoccupied with reducing costs. A major source of cost reduction is economies of scale, and those in turn are related to the use of continuous rather than batch processes. The former are well-nigh universal in the heavy chemicals sector. 

This work was the first correct formulation and description of a polyhydrocarbon, linear polymethylene, which in its structure and properties is identical with linear 1,2-polyethylene. However, because interest in the amorphous byproducts of organic chemical syntheses was lacking, and evidently also because dlazomethane was limited in availability, no impression was made on the chemists of 1900. 

We are exploring synthetic transition metal catalysts in the heterogeneous aqueous environments of polymer colloids. Potential uses of such catalysts are decontamination of water and industrial organic chemical syntheses. Initial efforts are focused on oxidations. Organic pollutants in water can be difficult to degrade if they lack polar functional groups. 

Approximately 80 percent of the acetylene produced annually in the United States is used for chemical synthesis. It is possible to use acetylene for an almost infinite number of organic chemical syntheses, but this use in North America has been less extensive than in Europe... 

Every chemist is familiar with the batchwise operation of a chemical "reactor , be it in a test tube, a flask or an autoclave. Many organic chemical syntheses are carried out in a round bottomed flask, with a volume on the order of 0.1 - 1 litre, equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and one or several tubes for introducing reagents. If it is a truly batchwise operation, the reactants together with the solvent are put in the flask, and mixed at ambient temperature, while no reaction occurs. The mixture is then heated gently until the chemical reaction starts. When the reaction proceeds at a satisfactory rate the temperature is kept as constant as possible by heating or cooling. 

Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley and Oppenauer reactions, and (6) several examples of two-step and multistep reactions. The major concerns related to the use of zeolite-like materials in organic chemicals syntheses were related to ... 

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