Organic carbon demand

Several methods have been developed to estimate the oxygen demand in waste water treatment systems. Commonly used laboratory methods are biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total oxygen demand (TOD), total organic carbon (TOC), and theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD). 

Table 3. Oxygen Demand and Organic Carbon of Industrial Wastewaters...

COD, chemical oxygen demand TKN, total Kjeldahl nitrogen TSS, total suspended solids VSS, volatile suspended solids TOC, total organic carbon. 

Fluorescence data could be used to quantify oxygen demand values (chemical and biochemical) and total organic carbon values. Furthermore, the fluorescence spectral response can be apportioned to biodegradable (BOD) and non-biodegradable (COD-BOD) dissolved organics [71]. Other studies outline the advantages and drawbacks of the use of fluorescence techniques for waste-water quality monitoring [72,73]. 

Industrial wastewater, oxygen demand and organic carbon in, 25 887t Industrial wastewater flow, 25 885 Industrial wastewater pollution control, ozone use in, 17 808-809 Industrial wastewater treatment. See also Industrial water treatment activated carbon application, 4 752-753 and bioremediation, 3 755 Industrial water treatment, 26 125-150 biofouling in, 26 146-149... 

In this study most laboratories employed the chemical oxygen demand procedure for determining organic carbon employing a conversion factor of 0.375 to convert chemical oxygen demand to carbon content. 

Roth M, Murphy JM, Jr. 1978. Correlation of oxygen demand and total organic carbon test on wastewaters from ammunition plants. Proc Ind Waste Conf 32 674-688. 

The concentrations of the solutions were selected to give a realistic level of total organic carbon (i.e., approximately 3 mg/L). The solutions were adjusted to pH 6.2 with phosphate buffer. They were then chlorinated for 24 h at room temperature in the dark with sodium hypochlorite to a residual of <1 mg/L of total available chlorine. The chlorine demand of the solutions was determined in preliminary experiments prior to chlorination of larger samples for concentration by XAD-2 resin adsorption and mutagenicity testing. Corresponding extracts of unchlorinated solutions of the model compounds were also prepared and tested. 

List of abbreviations BOD, biological oxygen demand CA, chloroanisol CCA, copper-chromate-arsenate CP, chlorophenol 2,4-D, dichlorophenoxyacetic acid DCP, dichlorophenol CFSTR, continuous-flow stirred tank reactor FBBR, fluidized-bed biofilm reactor MCP, monochlorophenol NAPL, non-aqueous phase liquid PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon PCPP, polychlorinated phenoxyphenol PCDF, polychlorinated dibenzofuran PCDD, polychlorinated dibenzodioxin PCR, polymerase chain reaction PCP, pentachlorophenol PCA, pentachloroanisole TeCP, tetrachlorophenol TeCA, tetrachloroanisole TCC, trichlorocatechol TCP, trichlorophenol TOC, total organic carbon 2,4,5-T, trichlorophenoxyacetic acid UASB, upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor VSS, volatile suspended solids. 

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