Mixing, ordered

This reagent is perhaps best thought of as a higher-order mixed cuprate of the type (R3Si)2Cu(CN)Li2 (7). 

Figure II. Third-order mixing (CARS) in a solution of4 BCMU in2 / 3 hexane and 1 / 3 chloroform for the frequency region of the polymer vibration. Key —, experimental data and —, theoretical fit. (Reproduced with permission from Ref 23. Copyright 1978, American Institute of Physics.)...

Thienyl(cyano)copper lithium S Cu(CN)Li xhe reagent is obtained by reaction of thiophene with BuLi in THF at - 78° and then with CuCN at - 40°. The reagent is fairly stable and can be stored in THF at - 20° for about 2 months. It is inert, but is readily converted by addition of RLi or RMgX into a higher-order mixed cuprate, which is as efficient as the freshly prepared cuprate."1... 

The multi-variate DQMOM method, (B.43), ensures that the mixed moments used to determine the unknowns (an,b n,. .., b Ngn) are exactly reproduced for the IEM model in the absence of chemical reactions.11 As discussed earlier, for the homogeneous case (capn = 0) the solution to (B.43) is trivial (an = 0, b yn = 0) and exactly reproduces the IEM model for moments of arbitrary order. On the other hand, for inhomogeneous cases the IEM model will not be exactly reproduced. Thus, since many multi-variate PDFs exist for a given set of lower-order mixed moments, we cannot be assured that every choice of mixed moments used to solve (B.43) will lead to satisfactory results. 

In the first application of (B.40) to an inhomogeneous bi-variate inert-scalar-mixing case (i.e., the so-called three-stream mixing problem (Juneja and Pope 1996)), it was found that, although the lower-order mixed moments are exactly reproduced, the conditional means (fa) become unrealizable (Marchisio and Fox 2003). Indeed, for every possible choice of the lower-order moments, the sum of the conditional mixture-fraction... 

General procedure for the 1,4-addition of higher-order mixed cyanocuprates to enones followed by O-functionalization ... 

B.H. Lipshutz, Application of Higher-Order Mixed Organocuprates to Organic Synthesis, Synthesis 1987, 325, s.d.S.335ff. 

Thereafter, the dynamic mixing behaviors of fine cohesive particles adhered to the surface of a coarser excipient was discussed as considerable importance in the manufacture of solid pharmaceuticals (3). The term ordered mixing was given to this phenomenon by Hersey (4). An ordered mixture can be produced by a dry process, simple dry mixing of fine and coarse particles. When interparticle interactions, such as van der Waals and coulombic forces, exist between the two types of particles, the fine particle adheres to the surface of the coarse particle that is, an ordered mixture spontaneously forms. As described earlier, ordered mixing... 

Figure 3.6 Shape-memory alloys transform from (a) a partially ordered, high-temperature austenitic phase to (b) a mixed austenite-martensite low-temperature state to (c) an ordered mixed-phase state under deformation.

Allevardite is one specific mineral name and/or mineral group which should be more closely defined. Essentially this is an ordered, mixed layered mineral, that is one with regularly alternating non-expanding and expandable layers. The major character of these minerals is the... 

Figure 18. Schematic representation of several possible types of solid solution. Shaded and blank layers represent expanding and mica-like units (2 1 structures). Solid and unfilled circles represent two species of interlayer ions, a totally random in all aspects b = interlayer ion ordering, single phase montmorillonite c = ordered interlayer ions which result in a two-phase mica structure, two phases present d = randomly interstratified mineral, one phase e = regular interstratification of the 2 1 layers giving an ordered mixed layered mineral, one phase present f = ordered mixed layered mineral in both the interlayer ion sites and the 2 1 interlayering. This would probably be called a single phase mineral.

Figure 29. Possible general phase relations for illite and associated phyllosilicates as a function of varying P-T conditions. Ill = illite, either predominantly IMd or 2M in polymorph I = illite, 2M mica ID = k layer ordered mixed layered phase MLSS = mixed layered 3 or 2 layer ordering giving a superstructure reflection ML0 = mixed layered, ordered structure with no superstructure MLr = mixed layered non-ordered M, = fully expandable montmorillonite Chi = chlorite Kaol = kaolinite Exp 3 " expanding chlorite and/or corrensite.

Because the compositions are basic, the expanding minerals are trioctahedral and they are apparently associated in all facies with chlorite. The occurrence of a regularly interstratified montmorillonite (saponite) -chlorite mineral, corrensite, is typified by an association with calcic zeolites and albite. Temperature measurement in the "hydrothermal" sequences at several hundred meters depth indicate that the ordered, mixed layered mineral succeeds a fully expandable phase between 150-200 C and this ordered phase remains present to about 280°C. In this interval calcium zeolites disappear, being apparently replaced by prehnite. The higher temperature assemblage above corrensite stability typically contains chlorite and epidote. 

Zone 111 is defined by the presence of an ordered mixed layered dioctahedral mineral which has an obvious superlattice reflection. Mixed layered proportions vary from 50% to 25% expandable material. The mixed layered phase is called here "allevardite-Iike". Indications from studies on deeply buried and shallow rocks suggest that as pressure increases, the mixed layer superlattice reflection appears at lower temperature. 

HAMILTON (J.D.), 1967. Partially-ordered, mixed-layer mica-montmorillonite from Maitland, New South Wales. Clay Min. ], 63-78. 

Blend Veegum and Rhodopol. Slowly add to the water while agitating at maximum available shear. Continue mixing until smooth. Add B ingredients in order, mixing well after each addition until smooth and uniform (avoid incorporation of air). 

Chemists and physicists must always formulate correctly the constraints which crystal structure and symmetry impose on their thermodynamic derivations. Gibbs encountered this problem when he constructed the component chemical potentials of non-hydrostatically stressed crystals. He distinguished between mobile and immobile components of a solid. The conceptual difficulties became critical when, following the classical paper of Wagner and Schottky on ordered mixed phases as discussed in chapter 1, chemical potentials of statistically relevant SE s of the crystal lattice were introduced. As with the definition of chemical potentials of ions in electrolytes, it turned out that not all the mathematical operations (9G/9n.) could be performed for SE s of kind i without violating the structural conditions of the crystal lattice. The origin of this difficulty lies in the fact that lattice sites are not the analogue of chemical species (components). 

Make up the substrate solution1 for each 10 mL of substrate buffer, add 40 pL of NBT stock and 40 pL of BCIP stock, in that order, mixing between additions. Add the substrate solution to the blot, and allow color development to proceed Stop the reaction by washing several times with water Dry the blot between sheets of Whatman 3MM paper under a weight. 

Hersey, J. A. Ordered mixing A new concept in powder mixing practice. Powder Technol. 11 41-44, 1975. 

Figure 1. Jacket water inlet and outlet temperatures in response to a —33°C (Test II) change in the inlet. The response of the jacket outlet temperature typifies a first-order mixing model.

This equation is first order in T with respect to t. A first order mixing pattern has been assumed/ and a first order pattern is exhibited by most "we 11-mixed" vessels that do not have baffles or flow directing nozzles. How closely this first order equation fits the actual process will be determined later. 

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