Oral lichen planus

Finne, K., Goransson, K. and Winckler, L. Oral Lichen Planus and Contact Allergy to Mercury , International Journal of Oral Surgery, 11, 236-39 (1982)... 

N. L. Rhodus, B. Cheng, S. Myers, L. Miller, V. Ho and F. Ondrey, The feasibility of monitoring NF-kappaB associated cytokines TNF-alpha, IF-1 alpha, IL-6, and IL-8 in whole saliva for the malignant transformation of oral lichen planus. Mol. Carcinog., 2005, 44(2), 77. 

Gorouhi F, Solhpour A, Beitollahi JM, Afshar S, Davari P, Hashemi P, Nassiri Kashani M, Firooz A. (2007) Randomized trial of pimecrolimus cream versus triamcinolone acetonide paste in the treatment of oral lichen planus. J Am Acad Dermatol 57 806-813. 

Cheilosis has also been reported (178). Oral lesions in patients using penicillamine may be due to pemphigus, cicatricial pemphigoid, or lichen planus, even in the absence of lesions outside the oral cavity. In 56 consecutive patients taking penicillamine, oral lichen planus was found in as many as seven (179). Penicillamine-induced cicatricial pemphigoid can be associated with oral ulcers as well as lesions of the esophagus, and stenosis can develop. 

With seven cases in 56 consecutive patients taking penicillamine in one study, oral lichen planus may be fairly frequent (179). Most patients have erosive oral lichen planus, but bullous, plaque-like, or classic lichen planus can occur. Rarely a psoriasiform eruption has been reported with penicillamine (320). 

Ido T, Kumakiri M, Kiyohara T, Sawai T, Hasegawa Y. Oral lichen planus due to zinc in dental restorations. Contact Dermatitis 2002 47(1) 51. 

Note Grinspan s syndrome the triad of oral lichen planus, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension... 

Mossad SB +, Ann Intern Med 125(2), 81 (zinc gluconate) Oral lichen planus... 

Contact allergy to the compound cinnamal was confirmed in a patient with oral lichen planus (Hoskyn and Guin 2005). 

Qiainani-Wu, N., S. Silverman, Jr., A. Reingold, et al. 2007. A randomized, placebo-controUed, double-blind clinical trial of cur-cuminoids in oral lichen planus. Phytomedicine 14(7-8) 437-446. 

Clayton, R., and D. Orton. 2004. Contact allergy to sp>earmint oil in a patient with oral lichen planus. Contact Dermat. 51(5-6) 314-315. Franzios, G., M. Mirotsou, E. Hatziapostolou, et aL 1997. Insecticidal and genotoxic activities of mint essential oils. /. Agric. Food Chem. 45(7) 2690-2694. 

Yan SK, et al. A metabonomic approach to the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma, oral lichen planus and oral leukoplakia. Oral Oncol 2008 44 477-483. 

Medicines that are meant for the oral mucosa are often applied as a mouthwash, gingival solution or a semisolid mouthpaste. A mouthpaste will theoretically stay on the mucosa for the longest time and it is useful in formulating poorly water soluble ingredients. However viscous mouthwashes and suspensions in water are easier to apply to those parts of the oral cavity that are difficult to reach with a (stiffer) mouthpaste [1]. Especially in the case of a painful ailment prescribers and patients mostly prefer a mouthwash. An example of this is the local application of corticosteroids in oral lichen planus [2]. In such cases a (viscous) suspension could be preferred to a solution in water to obtain the intended effect [1]. 

In three cases oral lichen planus worsened during treatment of chronic hepatitis C with pegylated interferon and ribavirin [40 ]. 

Grossmann S de M, Teixeira R, de Aguiar MC, do Carmo MA. Exacerbation of oral lichen planus lesions during treatment of chronic hepatitis C with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008 20(7) 702-6. 

Juneja, M. Mahajan, S. Rao, N. N. George, X. Boaz, K. Histochemical analysis of pathological alterations in oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions. J. Oral Sci. 2006, 48, 185-193. 

Tradati N, Chiesa F, Rossi N, Grigolato R, Formelli F, Costa A, De Palo G (1994) Successful topical treatment of oral lichen planus and leukoplakias with fenretinide (4-HPR). Cancer Lett 76 109-111... 

Chaiyarit, P., Ma, N., Hiraku, Y., Pinlaor, S., Yongvanit, P., Jintakanon, D., Murata, M., Oikawa, S., and Kawanishi, S. (2005). Nitrative and oxidative DNA damage in oral lichen planus in relation to human oral carcinogenesis. Cancer Sci. 96, 553-559. 

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