Optional activities

Install any active area calculated by the user per Fig. 3.4 in the Optional active area input offered in the Input form. Please refer to Table 3.1 showing this Optional active area input. This active area input will override the program s conventional calculated active area. 

The technology for integrating different biosensors on a chip forms the basis for the lab on-chip which will require additional liquid handling and optionally active liquid treatment. Different approaches for a micro analytical system (pTAS) have been published [89] and are now an emerging field of research. 

After a DARC query a new display option activated by the command OD triggers the communication protocol and sends the CN and column names to the HLI program. This HLI program collects the data from ORACLE and sends them back to DARC. DARC will write the data on the screen. This option gives only a facility for the execution of a predefined query resulting in a standard report. It will give an easy link from DARC to ORACLE. 

The fluorometer may have a reference-normalization option Activating this option may enhance long-term stability as well as increasing the signal relative to noise... 

Reaching each of these objectives is divided into stages (scientific, technical and methodological competence and/or relational and interpersonal) that are validated over the two years of the Common Core, each noted in the student s Log Book. A certain nnmber of optional activities make it possible for the students to personalize their stndy plan while meeting the requirements for the validation of their curriculnm. Extracurricular activities can be taken into account. 

Based on the results of the feasibility study, and assuming that at least one option is economically viable, a field development plan can now be formulated and subsequently executed. The plan is a key document used for achieving proper communication, discussion and agreement on the activities required for the development of a new field, or extension to an existing development. 

When estimating the operating and maintenance costs for various options, it is recommended that the actual activities which are anticipated are specified and costed. This will run into the detail of frequency and duration of maintenance activities such as inspection, overhaul, painting. This technique allows a much more realistic estimate of opex to be made, rather than relying on the traditional method of estimating opex based on a percentage of capex. The benefits of this activity based costing are further discussed in Section 13.0 and 14.0. 

In order to allow any multiple chlorination of the biphenyl skeleton, the user may define an atom list (eonsisting of hydrogen and chlorine atoms) and substitute all H-atoms by this list. One may click on the drop-down selection box behind the element icons, select the options Generics. .set the user-defined atom to A1 and quit by the OK button. As a result this atom selection is active for the subsequent drawing steps. After this atom list is drawn ten times as the ten substituents, its composition has to be defined by clicking the A, icon on the left-hand side of the structure editor and by selecting H and Cl in the periodic table (Figure 5-16). 

This thesis has been completely devoted to catalysis by relatively hard catalysts. When aiming at the catalysis of Diels-Alder reactions, soft catalysts are not an option. Soft catalysts tend to coordinate directly to the carbon - carbon double bonds of diene and dienophile, leading to an activation towards nucleophilic attack rather than to a Diels-Alder reaction . This is unfortunate, since in water, catalysis by hard catalysts suffers from a number of intrinsic disadvantages, which are absent for soft catalysts. 

The main agents of these losses are the microbes and small animals, such as springtails and mites, that inhabit the soil. These feed on organic matter that contains carbon and nitrogen and produce carbon dioxide and ammonium ions as waste products. Other bacteria convert the ammonium to nitrate. Like most of us, these organisms are most active when the conditions suit them best, and their preferred options are warmth and moisture. In early autumn, the soil is still warm... 

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