One-dimensional thermal

The effective therm conductivity values generally obtained in practice are at least a factor of two greater than the one-dimensional thermal conductivity values measured in the laboratoiy with carefully controlled techniques. This degradation in insulation thermal performance is caused by the combined presence of edge exposure to isothermal boundaries, gaps, joints, or penetrations in the insulation blanket required for structure supports, fill and vent hnes, and high lateral thermal conductivity of these insulation systems. 

The expectation value for one-dimensional thermal translational energy is... 

First, an overview of various modehng strategies is presented. Then, further details of modehng hierarchy are presented, including governing equations, starting from one-dimensional models and extending to fully three-dimensional models. In addition, a simple one dimensional thermal model which computes the temperat-... 

Hakkarainen T, Kokkala MA. Application of a one-dimensional thermal flame spread model on predicting the rate of heat release in the SBI test. Fire Mater. 2001 25 61-70. 

Figure 9. One-dimensional thermal modeling of heat diffusion.

Figure 15 shows the CI2 bond distance for two different trajectories for which the initial conditions of the Ari25Cl2 cluster are the same, i.e. the configuration and the center of mass velocity of the clusters at the beginning of each trajectory (before the collision with the surface) are identical. The only differences between the two trajectories are the velocities (randomly chosen from a one-dimensional thermal distribution at 30 K) of the hard cubes that mimic the surface. Despite the rather low temperature of the surface, one of the trajectories results in the dissociation of the diatomic molecule while the other one ends with a vibrationally excited reactant molecule. The effect of the hard cube velocity on the energy of the atom scattering from the surface is negligible but the history of a single trajectory is extremely sensitive to the details of the collisions with the surface, as shown in Fig. 15. This is a characteristic of so called chaotic systems. In...

Degree of thermal diffusion is an important factor in treating rapid annealing, since it will govern in-depth crystallinity of poly-Si films formed and thermal damage to glass substrates. One-dimensional thermal diffusion coefficient can... 

The effective thermal conductivity values generally obtained in practice are at least a factor of two greater than the one-dimensional thermal conductivity values measured in the laboratory with carefully... 

MacGillivray, D., Davidson, B. Dusseault, M.B. 1996. One-dimensional thermal conductivity measurements in quartz-illite and smectitic shales. Proc. Eurock 96, ISRM Int. Symp., Italy, Balkema, 107-113. 

A one-dimensional thermal response model was developed to predict the temperature of FRP structural members subjected to fire. Complex boundary conditions can be considered in this model, including prescribed temperature or heat flow, as well as heat convection and/or radiation. The progressive changes of thermophysical properties including decomposition degree, density, thermal conductivity, and specific heat capacity can be obtained in space and time domains using this model. Complex processes such as endothermic decomposition, mass loss, and delatnina-tion effects can be described on the basis of an effective material properties over the whole fire duration. 

The temperature responses were described by the one-dimensional thermal response model in Chapter 6 as the inputs used for mechanical response modeling. 

Argyropoulos P, Scott K, Taama WM (1999) One-dimensional thermal model for direct methanol fuel cell stacks. Part I. model development. J Power Sources 79 169-183... 

Energy requirement based on one-dimensional thermal model... 

Khandelwal M, Lee S and Mench M M (2007), One-dimensional thermal model of cold-start in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack. Journal of Power Sources, 172,816-830. 

X. APPENDIX ONE-DIMENSIONAL THERMAL DIFFUSION INTO TWO DIFFERENT PHASES... 

The thermal conductivity of a material is a measure of the thermal energy that can flow through the material under an applied temperature gradient. Figure 17.2 shows a plate of material where two sides are held at different temperatures, Tj and T2. Experimentally, the one-dimensional thermal energy transferred through this material is found to be governed by Eq. 17.2. 

The analyzed reactor core consists of 336 high-efficiency reentrant fuel channels. The inlet temperature of the coolant is 350°C at a pressure of 25 MPa, and the outlet temperature is 625°C. As a conservative approach, the thermal power corresponding to a fuel channel with the maximum thermal power was used in order to calculate the fuel centerline and sheath temperatures with the use of a one-dimensional thermal-hydraulic code. The temperature variation of the fuel hottest element in the radial direction is shown in Fig. 18.23. The maximum fuel centerline temperature of the UO2 fuel reaches 2196°C in the hottest fuel element of a fuel channel with a maximum thermal power of 10.23 MWn,. The temperature profiles of the coolant and the cladding (ie, CLaDding Temperature (CLDT)), as well as the Heat Transfer Coefficient (HTC) are shown in Fig. 18.24. 

The SSC-K code [4] has been developed by KAERI for the analysis of system behaviour during transients. The SSC-K code features a multiple-channel core representation coupled with a point kinetics model with reactivity feedback. It provides a detailed, one-dimensional thermal-hydraulic simulation of the primary and secondary sodium coolant circuits, as well as the balance-of-plant steam/water circuit. 

We divide the discussion into four topics. In Section 9.1 we are concerned with the one-dimensional thermal equilibrium configuration of an atmosphere in the absence of internal motion. In Section 9.2 we expand the temperature field to three dimensions and investigate the dynamical properties of atmospheres. In Section 9.3 we address the question of how determinations of chemical composition imply the evolution of planets and the Solar System as a whole. Finally, in Section 9.4 we review measurements of the excess heat emitted by the planets, and discuss the importance of these measurements for determining the status of planetary evolution in the present epoch. 

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