Olefin Containing Terpolymers

High-molecular-weight (10 ) ethylene-co-MA-co-vinyl crotonate polymers have been described in the literature and given the name Malethamer resin in Europe.The physicochemical properties of the terpolymers include inhibition of the growth of a wide variety of bacterial species in vitro. This suggests that this polymer could be used in treatment of infection in the alimentary canal. Dangerous side reactions may be eliminated in such an application, since the polymer may not be absorbed by the system. 

Terpolymers of ethylene, MA, and diolefins have been obtained by solution polymerization in benzene.The molecular weights of the copolymers increase with increasing proportion of diolefin, and insoluble gel formed at sufficiently high levels of the latter. The typical crosslinking monomers were hexadiene, diallyl ether, and the allyl esters of a,/ -unsatur-ated acids. 

There are claims that terpolymers of ethylene, propylene, and MA (mol % 47 50 3) can be produced by a continuous process in hexane solution with a modified Ziegler catalyst (ethyl aluminum dichloride-vanadyl trichloride).For the procedure, a carbon tetrachloride solution of the anhydride was added to the reaction mixture after copolymerization of the olefin mixture was well established. The copolymers, obtained by this technique as sticky glasses, have not had adequate study. Also fundamentals of the polymerization reaction have not been explored. 

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Terpolymer blends containing poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-perfluoro-a-olefins) and platinum nanoparticles imbedded in Nation 1100 fluoropolymer resin were previously prepared by the authors (1) and used as electrodes in fuel cells. 

As a ctmsequence of the situation depicted above, terpolymers based on ethylene and propylene are expected to contain different amounts of brandiing or gel even when they contain only single olefinic unsaturation. It has been calculated that in the case of terpo mers ba d on S-ethylidene-24iorbomene (ENB) the gel point is passed at about 02 wt % of ENB. 

These polyolefin rubbers are produced in two main types the saturated co-polymers, ethylene propylene rubber (EPM), and the unsaturated ethylene-propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM). The monomers are co-polymerised in ziegler natta type catalysts. The EPDM types are capable of sulfur vulcanisation as they contain, in addition to olefins, a non coagulated diene as the third monomer. 

Polyolefin terpolymers contain three olefinic monomers. A well-known example is ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM). The diene (double bond) monomer is... 

Altenau and co-workers [111] applied time-averaging NMR to the determination of low percentages of termonomers such as 1,4-hexadiene, dicyclopentadiene and ethylidene norbornene in ethylene-propylene termonomers. They compared results obtained by NMR and the iodine monochloride procedure of Lee and co-workers [81]. The chemical shifts and splitting pattern of the olefinic response were used to identify the termonomer. Figure 3.11 shows the time-averaged NMR spectra of ethylene-propylene terpolymers containing various dienes. 

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