Oils, atomization

In addition to water atomization, oil atomization using various hydrocarbons (oils) is the only other liquid atomization process used in the atomization of liquid metals. Due to the similarity of these two atomization processes, water atomizers can be readily adapted to oil atomization. Some problems inherent in water atomization, such as powder oxidation, can be avoided in oil atomization. The cost-effectiveness is superior to gas atomization, but not as good as water atomization. 

IPS Steel Powder AB in Sweden, probably the only operating plant using oil atomization, routinely produces steel powders using oil atomization. The oil pressure used in atomization is low (0.5 MPa) and thus the resultant powder size is coarse (-500 pm). The oxygen content is, however, very low ( 0.01 w/o O). High-pressure oil atomization (up to 10 MPa) is currently under evaluation by this company in an attempt to produce finer powders. 

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Numerous atomization techniques have evolved for the production of metal/alloy powders or as a step in spray forming processes. Atomization of melts may be achieved by a variety of means such as aerodynamic, hydrodynamic, mechanical, ultrasonic, electrostatic, electromagnetic, or pressure effect, or a combination of some of these effects. Some of the atomization techniques have been extensively developed and applied to commercial productions, including (a) two-fluid atomization using gas, water, or oil (i.e., gas atomization, water atomization, oil atomization), (b) vacuum atomization, and (c) rotating electrode atomization. Two-fluid atomization... 

Oil Atomization 50-70 Broad size distribution High speed steels, Bearing steels 103-10S >125 -3 Low oxidation C pick-up. Medium EE, Shape... 

The Universe has no centre. No privileged place can be taken for the origin of our coordinate systems, for the centre of the world. The last revolution is the most radical of all, for it touches the very stuff of the cosmos, its very materiality. With all the assurance of its well-oiled atomic mechanics, humankind declares Matter that shines and radiates is a mere froth on the surface of dark matter and quintessence. ... 

Longw ell, J. I, Fuel Oil Atomization, Sc. D. thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Tech-... 

Diagram c in Fig. 114 gives the metal skin temperatures of the vertical tubes for a terrace wall furnace, as well as the temperatures reached by the wa s and supports. The top part of the figure shows the suspension of the coils by hangers, rod and counterweight Heating is provided in this case by combination burners running both on gas and fad oil atomized with steam, in the form of a line burner for the gas. and a tunnel burner for the fuel. 

Quality of the fuel oil atomization (cross uniformity, atomization angle)... 

Melt atomization processes can be classified into various categories, according to the physical properties and flow characteristics of the atomization fluid water atomization, oil atomization, and gas atomization. Gas atomization can be further classified into subsonic gas atomization, supersonic gas atomization, and ultrasonic gas atomization. The considerations in selecting a particular melt atomization method include economic factors, production scale, the physical and chemical properties of fluid to be atomized and powder to be produced, and the morphology of the powder desired [3, 5]. 

Source Coal Oil Atomic energy Solar energy... 

The time scale of carbon black formation varies substantially across the range of particle sizes found in commercial furnace blacks. For blacks with surface areas around 120 m /g, the carbon black formation process from oil atomization to quench takes less than 10 ms. For blacks with surface areas aroimd 30 m /g, formation times are a few tenths of seconds. 

Plugged burner tips. Again, oil atomization is adversely affected. 

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