Occupations Belgium

The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) (1997) has not proposed any occupational exposure limit for 1,3-propane sultone in workplace air but does list it as an animal carcinogen. Australia, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Sweden and Switzerland list 1,3-propane sultone as a probable human carcinogen (International Labour Office, 1991). 

ECETOC (1994). Assessment of non-occupational exposure to chemicals. Technical Report No. 58, European Center for Ecotoxicology and Toxicology of Chemicals, Brussels, Belgium. 

Cadmium is an important occupational and environmental pollutant in Belgium. This is mainly due to the long-standing commercial production of this metal... 

Conclusions from studies of occupational exposures in Belgium... 

Lauwerys R, Roels H, Bernard A, Buchet JP. Renal response to cadmium in a population living in a nonferrous smelter area in Belgium. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1980 45 271-274. 

The results of the various epidemiological investigations performed since the 1970 s by the Unit of Industrial Toxicology and Occupational Medicine, Universite Cathohque de Louvain, Brussels, indicate that in Belgium the efforts made by industries and the health authorities to reduce occupational and environmental exposure to Cd are fully justified. As practical guidelines to control kidney effects at an early stage in occupational or environmental exposure to Cd, the urinary Cd concentration should not exceed 5 pg Cd/g creatinine in male workers and 2 pg Cd/g creatinine in the general population. 

Rantanen, J., Global overview in The role of Workers in Preventing Occupational Hazards, Rice, A., (Ed.), International Federation of Chemical, Energy and General Work, Belgium, 1986, pp. 5-19. 

Commission Decision 95/320/EC on setting up a scienrific committee for occupational exposure limits to chemical agents, O.J. L188,9.8.1995, p. 14. [6-45] UNICE = European Industry Federation (Union de Industries des pays de la Communaute europeenne), Brussels, Belgium. 

Lachapelle JM, Tennstedt D (1979) Epidemiological survey of occupational contact dermatitis of the hands in Belgium. Contact Dermatitis 5 244-248... 

Holland and Belgium require medical services in companies of over a specified size. In Germany, doctors trained in occupational health must be employed in factories as must safety advisers, and in a number of other European countries the major concerns have occupational health services. 

The UNEPAVHO survey results showed mean PbB levels for adults more closely linked to level of overall development than to just industriahzation per se. For example, more industrialized Belgium had lower mean and 90th percentile blood lead results than did Malta or Mexico. Mean PbB levels for the adult segment of these countries who also had no apparent occupational exposures show PbB values that are either well above the U.S. NHANES II data (Malta, Mexico) or below (Sweden). It is clear from the UNEPAVHO data that the PbB levels were declining significantly in the early 1980s, even... 

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