Obesity-related chronic disease cardiovascular diseases

Depression and Metabolic Syndrome. Abnormal serum albumin levels and lipid profiles have both been observed in patients with major depression, as well as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and end-stage renal disease. Depressive symptoms are very common in patients with these chronic illnesses. Recent clinical data have shown that cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, end-stage renal disease, and obesity are all related to metabolic syndromes [68-74], and especially insulin resistance [75, 76]. However, the data examining major depression without physical illness and insulin resistance are still scarce. In the future, the biological relationship between depression and physical illness needs to be more fully explored. 

Obesity is the most frequent nutritional disorder in developed countries and has become a major health problem all over the world. Obesity and related metabolic disorders are involved as conspicuous risk factors in the development of chronic diseases like cardiovascular diseases and cancer [73,74]. 

The total calorie intake is closely related to overweight and obesity. The calories from fat should be limited especially in overweight, obese, and super-obese people, and people suffering from chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and arteriosclerosis. 

Heat waves result in adverse health effects in cities more than in rural areas. During periods of sustained environmental heat—particularly during the summer— the numbers of deaths classified as heat related (e.g., heatstroke) and attributed to other causes (e.g., cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and respiratory disease) increase substantially. Those at an increased risk for heat-related mortality are elderly persons, infants, persons with chronic conditions (including obesity), patients taking medications that predispose them to heatstroke (e.g., neuroleptics or anticholinergics), and persons confined to bed or who otherwise are unable to care for themselves. 

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